征地对农民生活水平的影响评价——基于重庆市永川区的调研

研究目的：探索征地对农民生活水平的影响，以期为完善征地补偿机制和拓展安置途径等提供理论基础和决策参考，推动新一轮征地制度改革试点工作。研究方法：通过对重庆市永川区312户失地农户的实地走访以及321份问卷调查取得研究所需数据，分析方法采用模糊综合评判法。研究结果：（1）单因素评判结果显示，征地后66.85%的农民收入水平下降，77.11%的农民认为社会保障制度不太完善或不完善，63.72%的农民发展空间狭小，63.42%的农民对征地的满意程度不高；（2）综合评判结果显示，征地后保持原有生活水平的农户占43.50%，生活水平下降的农民占32.74%，生活水平提高的农民仅占23.89%。研究结论：征地后虽然保持原有生活水平的农户占比重较大，但由于征地产生的收入水平下降，同时农民因为年龄和文化程度而导致的发展空间的狭小以及城乡分割的二元社会保障机制的影响，仍然有近1/3的农民生活水平下降。有效解决这一问题的途径在于提高征地补偿标准、完善征地补偿机制和社会保障机制的同时，加强对农民的职业培训，拓宽农民的就业途径和收入来源。

Influences of Land Requisition on Farmer's Living Standard—A Case Study on Yongchuan District of Chongqing

The purpose of this paper was to find the influences of land requisition on farmer＇s living standard,according to the evaluation of farmer＇s living standard after the land requisition,so that it may support and contribute for the reform of the land requisition system on compensatory system and social security system in academic.To evaluate the influences of land requisition on farmer＇s living standard,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used,according to the interview with 312 farmers and 321 pieces of questionnaire in Yongchuan District of Chongqing.The results show that the proportion of farmers whose income levels decline is 66.85%,77.11% of farmers think that the social security is not perfect and their space for development is narrow,and there are 63.42% of farmers who do not feel satisfied.The results also show that there are 32.74% of farmers whose living standard decline,and the proportion of farmers whose living standard is steady is 43.50%,there are only 23.89% of farmers whose living standard is improved.So it can be conclude that the number of farmers whose living standard decline is still large although the number of farmers whose living standard is steady is larger,resulting from the declining in income levels and the inadequate social security system,and also the narrow space for development due to the farmer＇s old age and low educational level.To solve this problem,it was necessary to combine the higher compensation guideline and the adequate social security with the professional education and training.