沟播对盐碱地小麦花后光合特性及产量的影响

以青麦6号为材料,设置平播(CK)、沟内2行、沟内3行3种处理,探究了沟播对盐碱地小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)花后光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明,产量与净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶绿素SPAD值、穗数、千粒重呈极显著(P0.01)正相关,与每穗粒数呈显著(P0.05)正相关,与胞间CO2浓度呈极显著(P0.01)负相关;两种沟播处理较平播显著提高了盐碱地小麦的叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率,并提高了胞间CO2的利用能力。与CK相比,沟播显著(P0.05)提高了小麦产量与穗数,但其每穗粒数和千粒重差异不显著(P0.05),表明沟播主要通过影响小麦的穗数进而影响小麦产量。通过对不同栽培方式下光合特性及产量等因素的分析,确定沟内3行是盐碱地小麦较为合理的栽培措施。

Effects of Furrow Sowing on Photosynthetic Characteristics After Anthesis and Yield of Wheat in Saline-alkali Soil

Taking Triticum aestivum L. var. Qingmai No.6 as material, three treatments included flat sowing(CK),two rows of trench and three rows of trench were set,and the effects of furrow sowing on photosynthetic characteristics after anthesis of wheat in saline-alkali soil were explored. The results showed that the yield had highly significant positive correlation with net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,chlorophyll SPAD,ear number, kernel weight, and the significant positive correlation with number of spike grain, and highly significant negative correlation with the concentration of carbon dioxide. Comparing with CK, two kinds of furrow sowing treatments significantly increased the chlorophyll content,net photo-synthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of wheat in saline-alkali soil and improved the ability of the use of carbon dioxide compared with flat sowing. Furrow sowing significantly increased wheat yield and the ear number per unit compared with the CK,but the grain number per spike and 1000 grain weight had no significantly different,which indicated that the yield of wheat in saline-alkali soil was affected by the number of spikes of wheat. By analyzing the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of different cultivation methods,three rows of trench was a reasonable cultivation measures of wheat in saline-alkali soil.