广西元宵水库集水区桉树人工林生态系统服务价值时空动态

广西元宵水库集水区的植物群落以桉树人工林与马尾松林为主.栽种40多年以来,马尾松种植区已经发展成为具备良好群落结构的生态公益林.近年来,在经济利益的驱使下林农大量刈除马尾松而种植桉树,引发了一系列生态环境问题.基于遥感技术(RS)、全球定位系统(GPS)与地理信息系统(GIS),选取水源涵养、环境净化、产品提供、固碳释氧、土壤保育、生物多样性保护等6项生态系统服务指标,就广西元宵水库集水区桉树人工林与马尾松林的生态系统服务价值开展比较研究.结果表明,2005-2015年,元宵水库集水区的生态系统服务价值约合3.57亿元,水源涵养、环境净化、固碳释氧、产品提供、土壤保育与生物多样性保护价值占比分别为38.86％、18.12％、11.15％、16.81％、7.47％和7.59％.其中,马尾松群落每年的单位面积生态系统服务价值约为39 029元/hm2,桉树群落约为12 011元/hm2.以2005年水库集水区生态系统服务价值为基准,2006-2015年水库集水区共损失生态系统服务价值2.83亿元.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of ecosystem services value of Eucalyptus spp. plantation in Guangxi Yuanxiao reservoir watershed

Eucalyptus spp.plantation and Pinus massoniana are two main plantation communities in Guangxi Yuanxiao reservoir watershed.And as a kind of public welfare forest,P.massoniana community had turned out to be a well-developed community within these 40 years.Recent years,driven by economic benefit,farmers cut down most of the P.massoniana and planted Eucalyptus spp.plantation instead,and a serious of ecological environmental problems had appeared ever since.Taking Yuanxiao reservoir watershed as an object,the study took advantage of Remote Sensing technology,Global Positioning System and Geographic Information System and researched the ecosystem service of the two plantation communities,including water conservation,environment purification,carbon fixed and oxygen released,product provision,soil conservation and biodiversity protection.Results showed that the ecosystem services value was 357 million Yuan in total from 2005 to 2015,and each indicator accounted for 38.86％,18.12％,11.15％,16.81％,7.47％ and 7.59％,respectively.Average unit value of P.massoniana community was about 39 029 Yuan/ (hm2 · a) and Eucalyptus spp.plantation community was 12 011 Yuan/(hm2 · a).Taking the ecosystem service value of 2005 in reservoir watershed as a reference value,283 million Yuan had lost from 2006 to 2015.