基于RS和GIS的土壤侵蚀量预测应用研究

运用RS、GIS和USLE集成技术,对秦皇岛市土壤侵蚀量进行了定量试验研究。对各相关因子值进行科学的确定,利用ARC/INFO的栅格数据空间分析功能,提取了各因子图,预测了秦皇岛市的土壤侵蚀量。结果表明:秦皇岛市侵蚀总量为每年1 162.139 0万t,平均侵蚀模数为每年1 494.07 t/km2。占区域面积21.19%的土壤侵蚀强度在中度或中度以上,该区域对土壤侵蚀量的贡献率为71.26%。林地和草地的侵蚀量占侵蚀总量的82.37%和9.29%,土壤侵蚀主要发生在北部山区的林地。实践证明,利用RS、GIS和USLE技术进行土壤侵蚀监测与预测是可行的和高效的。

Study on Predicting Soil Erosion Based on GIS and RS

An experiment was made to study soil erosion estimation method in Qinhuangdao city in Hebei province based on integration of RS(Remote Sensing System),GIS(Geographic Information System) and USLE(Universal Soil Loss Equation).Reasonable methods were adopted to obtain R,LS,K,C and P factors value.The graphic factors were extracted by the spatial analysis function of the grid data in ARC/TNFO.Finally,the soil erosion amount of Qinhuangdao city was predicted.Result showed: the soil erosion amount was 1 162.1390 t,annual average soil erosion modulus was 1 494.07 t/km~2.The moderate and moderate above eroded area was 21.19% of the studied area,but contributed to 71.26% of soil erosion amount.Soil erosion of wood land and grassland occupied 82.37% and 9.29% of soil erosion amount respectively,so soil erosion mainly occurs in wood land of north mountainous area.The results showed that the application of GIS, RS and USLE in inspecting and predicating soil erosion is feasible and efficient.