金针菇深层发酵的研究──Ⅰ．金针菇发酵滤液游离氨基酸的分析

金针菇深层发酵滤液中游离的必需氨基酸占游离氨基酸总量的８０％左右．主要积累的氨基酸为赖氨酸、苯丙氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、亮氨酸和精氨酸等．氨基酸的积累情况可归纳为３个类型：第１型为苯丙氨酸＞缬氨酸＞赖氨酸＞蛋氨酸．第２型为赖氨酸＞蛋氨酸＞苯丙氨酸＞缬氨酸．第３型为亮氨酸＞缬氨酸＞赖氨酸＞蛋氨酸．３个类型的共同特点是赖氨酸始终是大量积累的主要氨基酸之一以及必需氨基酸所占的百分比都很高，差异仅在个别氨基酸积累量的多少上．对这种差异的原因进行初步探讨发现：（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４浓度和黄豆粉作氮源影响游离氨基酸的总产量和必需氨基酸所占的百分比，而不影响高含量氨基酸的种类．ＰＯ４３－的浓度不同对其差异没有影响．

Studies on Submerged Fermentation of Flammulina velutipes ──Ⅰ. Analysis of Free Amino Acids in Fermentation Filtrate of Flammulina velutipes

The free essential amino acids in filtrate of submerged fermentation of Flammulina velutipes account for about 80% of the total free amino acids. There is principal accumulation of Lys, Phe, Val, Met,Leu, Arg ect in the filtrate: It is noticed that the accumulation can be divided into three types. Type Ⅰ:Phe >Val> Lys > Met; Type Ⅱ: Lys> Met> Phe > Val; Type Ⅲ: Leu > Val > Lys> Met. The common feature among three types is that the amount of Lys, one of principal accumulated amino acids, is always rather high. There are only differential in addition and deduction of accumulation in a few amino acids. The preliminary study on the cause of such differential showed that the concentration of phosphate ions is not effective on it, the concentration of ammonium sulfate and soybeen powder as nitrogen source are only effective on both yield of the total amino acids and percentage of essential amino .acids, and not effective on the variety of amino acid of high content.