祁连山水源涵养林水分传输规律研究

调研祁连山水源涵养林主要森林植被类型不同界面层水分传输的作用形式及其贡献值大小结果表明 ,大气降水通过林冠层、地被物层和土壤层时受各界面层不同形式作用而发生质量和能量的变化 ,最终稳定到达林地蓄存。森林植被各界面层的调理可显著减少水分无效损耗 ,改变水分能态使之趋于更稳定和更有序化。复层异龄混交结构的林分水分传输能力较强。地表径流特征可综合反映系统水分传输能力 ,祁连山主要森林植被类型产流趋势依次为高山灌木林 <灌木云杉林 <苔藓云杉林 <中低山灌木林。

Law of the water transfer process of water-conversation forest in Qilian Mountains

The mechanism and contribution of interface layers including forest canopy layer, forest litter layer, and forest soil layer to water transfer of forest vegetation in Qilian Mountains have been analyzed in this paper. The results indicate that in the water transfer process, the water quantity and energy have been converted and changed by interface layers with all ways. As the results, the ineffective wastage of water decreases and the water energy condition tends to stabilization. The mixed stands have more capability of water transfer with compound layers and different ages'structure. The water capabilities of soil and runoff are good indexes in weighing the water transfer capability of forest ecology. The tend of runoff from small to big of the main forest vegetation in Qilian Mountains is alp shrubs, Picea crassifolia stands mixed with shrubs, Picea crassifolia and moss stands, middle and low mountain shrubs.