复合微生态制剂与氟苯尼考对肉雏鸡免疫器官指数和组织变化的影响

为了研究幼龄动物使用复合微生态制剂的优势和抗生素的弊端,选取1日龄的肉雏鸡160只,随机分为4组,即空白对照组、复合微生态制剂组(717)、氟苯尼考正常剂量组(FB 1×)和氟苯尼考10倍剂量组(FB 10×),每组2个重复,每个重复20只,试验为期9 d,测定脾脏和法氏囊指数,同时做脾脏和法氏囊组织切片。试验结果表明,复合微生态制剂对肉雏鸡脾脏的发育没有显著的促进作用(P>0.05),但能够显著提高肉雏鸡法氏囊指数(P<0.05),9日龄717组法氏囊指数较空白对照组、FB 1×组和FB 10×组分别高出14.4%、19.2%和25.9%,差异显著(P<0.05),其中FB 10×组最低。9日龄FB 1×组和FB 10×组脾脏指数显著低于对照组和717组(P<0.05),其中FB 10×组最低。由组织切片结果可以看出,肉雏鸡使用微生态制剂能够促进免疫器官的发育,而氟苯尼考类抗生素则引起肉雏鸡法氏囊和脾脏的萎缩及淋巴细胞的减少和死亡。由试验结果可知,氟苯尼考类抗生素尤其是在高剂量使用时,对肉雏鸡免疫器官的发育具有明显的抑制作用,与氟苯尼考相比,复合微生态制剂对肉雏鸡促进免疫器官的发育具有重要作用。

Effect of compound probiotics and florfenicol on the immune organ indices and tissue differentiation of broilers

To study the disadvantages of florfenicol and the advantages of compound probiotics used in the young animals,160 one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 2 replicates in each group and 20 chickens per replicate,including the control group,the compound probiotics group(717),florfenicol normal doses group(FB 1×),florfenicol 10 doses group(FB 10×).The experiment lasted for 42 days.The effects of compound probiotics and antibiotics on the immune organ indices and tissue differentiation were observed.The results showed that:the compound probiotics had no significant effect on spleen indices(P>0.05),but it had obvious effect on burs,at the age of 9 d,the bursa indice of the 717 group was significantly higher than that of the control group,FB 1× and FB 10× group(P<0.05),at 14.4%,19.2% and 25.9% respectively,and the bursa indice of the FB 10× group was the lowest.At the age of 9 d,the spleen indices of the FB 1× and FB 10× group were significantly lower than that of the control group and 717 group(P<0.05),The histological observation results showed that the compound probiotics could promote the development of immune organs,but the florfenicol could result in the atrophy and lymphocyte reduction or death to the bursa and spleen.Florfenicol,especially used at high doses could significantly suppress the development of the immune organs,however the compound probiotics could promote the development of immune organs.