国内外草地改良技术与机具研究进展

我国草地资源丰富,但退化情况严重,对退化草地实施改良是我国畜牧业持续发展的迫切要求。国外对退化草地多采取松土、免耕补播等方式进行改良,注重水肥综合利用。所使用的机具以减少土壤扰动、增加土壤透气、透水性以及大型化为主要特点。我国"十一五"期间研发了几种新型草地改良机械,研发的机具既满足了改良的工艺与农艺要求,也融入了保护性改良的先进理念。为此,通过总结国内外最新草地改良技术与机具的发展状况,指出改良过程中保护土壤和脆弱的草地植被系统,是我国未来草地改良技术及机械的发展趋势。

The Development of Grassland Improving Technology and EquiPment in China

The natural grassland resource of China is abundant,but its degradation is very serious.Improving the degraded grassland is exigent demand for the sustainable development of livestock industry in China.In some developed countries,loosen soil and reseeding without tillage were general methods for grassland improvement,the effective use of water and fertilizer was concerned.The main characters of devices for improving degraded grassland included low soil disturbance,increasing soil permeability and so on.During China’s the eleventh five-year plan,several new grassland improving equipments were designed and produced,these machines can meet the requirement of technique and agronomic for improving grassland,and also achieve conservation tillage.This paper concluded the development of grassland improving technology and equipment at home and abroad,and pointed out that protecting soil and weak grassland vegetation must be concerned while improving degraded grassland.