辣椒种生镰刀菌及其病理学意义的研究

 采用吸水纸检验法,对北京地区22份辣椒(Capsicum annuum)种子样品的分析结果是:木贼镰刀菌(Fusarium equiseti)、串珠镰刀菌(F. moniliforme)、尖孢镰刀菌(F.oxysporum)、半裸镰刀菌(F. semitectum)和茄病镰刀菌(F. solani)是5种常见的辣椒种生镰刀菌,其平均带菌率分别为1.0%,2.6%,0.1%,0.8%和0.2%。经发芽试验观察,在自然带菌的情况下,木贼镰刀菌,串珠镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、半裸镰刀菌和茄病镰刀菌能分别使种子发芽率降低98.6%,39.8%、62.1%、2.7%和52.1%。经土壤接种法进行致病性测定,除半裸镰刀菌对植株无明显致病性反应外,其它4种镰刀菌均能不同程度地引起植株枯萎和其它病理症状。

SEED-BORNE FUSARIUM OF CHILLI AND THEIR PATHOGENIC SIGNIFICANCE

Twenty two sample of chilli (Capsicum annuum) seeds harvested in 1986 from different parts of Beijing were tested by the blotter method for the presence of Fusarium species.Fusarium equiseti, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F.semitectum and F. solani were five commonly recorded species.The average infection percentage of the ffve species were 1.0, 2.6, 0.1>0.8 and 0.2 respectively.Seed germination tests showed that F.equiseti, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F.semitectum and F.solani reduced germination of chilli seeds by 98.6%, 79.8%, 62.1%, 2.7% and 52.1%, respectively, under the conditions of these naturally infected seeds.Soil inoculation tests showed that all transplanted chilli seedlinges were killed within two weeks by F. equiseti when infested by a concentration of 25000 spores per gram of soil.Fortyfour percent of seedlings were killed by F. moniliforme after 50 days of inoculation, and all surviving seedlings were pale and severely stunted. F. oxysporum and F.solani killed 56% and 36% of seedlings after 30 days of inoculation, respectively.