践踏对草垫式人造-天然混合草坪质量的影响

为研究践踏对草垫式混合草坪草质量和根系生长的影响，本研究以多年生黑麦草品种‘名仕’为研究材料，以无草垫处理为对照，通过践踏器模拟研究轻度、中度和重度践踏条件，进行为期4周的践踏处理，以此研究两种草垫对不同人造-天然混合草坪的坪观质量、生长特性和运动质量的影响。结果表明：在践踏条件下，草垫式混合草坪的色泽、盖度和坪观质量等综合表现优于天然草坪，且践踏强度越大差异越明显，其中在践踏4周后的重度践踏条件下，两个草垫试验组分别比对照组的色泽提高了45.5%和39.0%，盖度分别比对照组提高了136.4%和150.0%。在践踏处理下，草垫减缓了草坪的损伤程度，对草坪草地上和地下部分的生长起到了保护作用，对践踏具有缓冲作用，践踏4周后无背衬试验组的根长在轻度、中度和重度践踏下分别比对照组提高了105.3%、239.1%和152.6%。草垫在践踏胁迫下对草坪草生长起到了较为明显的保护作用，增加草坪的扭动摩擦，降低了摔倒的风险，但草垫增加了草坪的表面硬度和坪床紧实度，使得头部损伤风险加大，其中有背衬结构的风险较大。因此在草垫式混合草坪的使用中要采取适宜的养护措施，避免硬度过高带来风险。

Effects of trampling intensity on the quality of artificial carpet hybrid turf

We conducted a plot experiment to evaluate the effects of trampling intensity on the quality and root growth of ‘artificial-natural’ hybrid turfgrass constructed of carpet mesh filled with perennial ryegrass （Lolium perenne） cultivar ‘Neruda 1 BT’. Plots were 0.6 m×1.0 m in area and plots of two carpet mesh types filled with soil were compared with natural turfgrass （control plots） without carpet. We evaluated the performance quality， growth quality， and playing performance under different trampling intensities （no trampling， light trampling， medium trampling， and heavy trampling）， as applied using a trampling machine. Under the different trampling intensities， the color， cover， and performance quality were all better in the artificial-natural hybrid turfgrass than in the natural turf. Under trampling conditions， the artificial-natural hybrid turfgrass showed a lower degree of injury than the natural turfgrass， indicating that the artificial carpet protected the turf to some extent. The higher the trampling intensity， the larger the differences in quality between the hybrid turfgrass and natural turfgrass. After 4 weeks of trampling treatments， for the heavy trampling treatment that was most affected， the color score of the two carpet treatments， designated A and C was， respectively 45.5% and 39.0% higher， and the cover was increased by 136.4% and 150.0%， respectively， compared to control plots. Root biomass and root length were greatly reduced in trampling treatments， compared to control plots， but less so in hybrid turfgrass plots. Turfgrass without mat showed 105.3%， 239.1%， and 152.6% greater root length after 4 weeks of light， moderate， and heavy trampling， respectively. Compared with the natural turf control plots， artificial-natural hybrid turfgrass developed increased hardness and soil compaction， and this would further increase the injury danger when used for certain sports. Therefore， appropriate maintenance measures should be taken with artificial-natural hybrid turfgrass incorporating carpet mesh， to avoid the risks associated with a hard playing surface.