江淮地区冬闲田豆禾牧草混播生产模式的发展前景

随着动物性食品需求的快速增长和“粮改饲”政策的实施,推进农区产业结构调整和草食畜牧业全面发展势在必行,江淮地区作为我国南方重要的粮食生产基地和畜牧业发展基地,可充分利用其冬闲田的生产潜力,推行粮草兼顾型种植模式,探索出适合当地冬季种植的牧草生产模式。江淮地区冬闲田种草现多以黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、紫云英(Astragalus sinicus)等单播为主,多花黑麦草+紫云英(Astragalus sinicus)/白三叶(Trifolium repens)/光叶紫花苕(Vicia villosa)、燕麦(Avena sativa)+毛叶苕子(Vicia villosa)/金花菜(Medicago hispida)等冬闲田豆禾混播生产模式可以克服禾本科单播施肥较多、土地翻耕难、豆科单播产量较低和营养不全面等方面问题,能够更加有效地提高生产力,增强土地持久力,对于增加农民收入,推进江淮地区草食畜牧业发展,促进南方农业生态转型有着积极作用。本研究分析了江淮地区饲草种植的发展前景和现状,阐述了在江淮地区施行豆禾牧草混播生产模式的优势,并探讨了优质豆禾牧草混播模式及其生态经济效益,以期为江淮地区及类似地区的冬闲田牧草种植提供参考。

Development prospect of mixed planting of legume and gramineae forage in winter fallow field in the Yangtze-Huaihe region

With the rapid growth of animal food demand and the implementation of“grain to feed”policy,it is imperative to promote the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and the comprehensive development of herbivorous animal husbandry.As an important grain production base and animal husbandry development base in southern China,the YangtzeHuaihe region can completely utilize its winter fallow fields’production potential,carrying out the cultivation mode of both grain and forage,and therefore provide high-quality forage suitable for local winter production.The production approach of mixed planting of Gramineae and legumes in the winter fallow field can effectively improve productivity and enhance the sustainability of the land.It plays a positive role in increasing farmers'income and promoting the development of herbivorous animal husbandry and the transformation of agricultural ecology in southern China.This study analyzes the development prospect and current situation of forage grass planting in the Yangtze-Huaihe Region,expounding the advantages of the mixed planting of legumes and grass.Mixed planting of high-quality bean and grass and its ecological and economic benefits are also described to provide a reference for grass planting in winter fallow fields in the Yangtze-Huaihe region and similar areas.