油茶F1代苗期叶表型性状遗传多样性研究

探索油茶(Camellia oleifera)杂交F1代叶表型性状的遗传变异特征,为杂交后代早期选择提供依据,以"岑软24号×湘林210"杂交F1代的62个单株为试验材料,对其叶表型性状多样性进行研究。结果表明:1)14个性状的变异系数为2.21%～37.50%,其中叶面积的变异系数最小,仅为2.21%,而叶片鲜重、干重和饱和鲜重的变异系数均较大,分别为35.42%、37.50%和36.84%;2)各性状均具有较好的连续性正态分布趋势;3)14个性状在F1代的中亲优势率为-16.60%～44.66%,超亲优势率为-21.05%～38.06%,其中10个性状的中亲优势值为正值,且遗传传递力都超过100%,叶面积、叶周长、叶长和叶片干物质含量这4个性状的超亲优势值为正值;4)91对相关性分析中有65对达到极显著水平,8对达到显著水平;5)系统聚类将F1代的62个单株分为2个类群、4个亚类,聚类结果充分反映了各类群的特征。

Genetic Diversity of leaf Phenotypic Traits in F1 Progeny of Camellia oleifera

In order to analyze the characteristics of genetic variation of leaf phenotypic traits of Camellia oleifera hybridized F1 generation and provide basis for early selection of hybrid offspring,the diversity of leaf phenotypic traits in 62 individual plants of hybridized F1 generation of"Cen soft 24,Xiang Lin 210"was studied.The results showed that the variation coefficients of 14 traits ranged from 2.21%to 37.50%,and the minimum one was the leaf area,only 2.21%;while the variation coefficients of fresh weight,dry weight and saturated fresh weight of the leaves were 35.42%,37.50% and 36.84%,respectively.All the traits’variation trend preferably presented continuous normal distribution.The mid-parent heterosis ratio of the F1generation’s 14 traits were from-16.60%to 44.66%,and the suppor-parent heterosis ratio of those ranged from-21.05% to 38.06%.Among them,10traits’mid-parent heterosis ratio was positive,and whose inheritance of transfer ability exceeded 100%;4traits of leaf area,circumference,length and dry matter content,whose suppor-parent heterosis ratio were positive values.In all the 91 pairs,65pairs of them were in highly significant correlation with each other,and 8pairs were in significant correlation.Sixty two individual plants of F1 generation were divided into 2groups and 4subclasses through system clustering,that fully reflected the characteristics of each group.