4种寄主植物的繁蚜－繁蜂能力和子代烟蚜茧蜂的寄生潜力比较

为比较不同寄主植物繁蚜,继而繁育烟蚜茧蜂Aphidius gifuensis的潜力,促进烟蚜茧蜂扩繁,从烟田采集供试烟蚜与烟蚜茧蜂,比较了烟草、萝卜、油菜和小白菜共4种常用寄主植物的繁蚜-繁蜂能力和繁育的子代烟蚜茧蜂的寄生潜力。结果显示:(1)烟草和萝卜的单株繁蚜速率较快、繁蚜量大,表明两者的繁蚜能力强于小白菜和油菜;(2)4种寄主植物上的僵蚜羽化率没有显著差异,烟蚜茧蜂对烟草和萝卜繁育烟蚜的寄生率显著高于小白菜和油菜,表明在烟草和萝卜上繁蜂能力强于油菜和小白菜;(3)烟草上繁育的子代蜂寿命及其后足胫节长度均显著大于在其他3种寄主植物上繁育的寄生蜂的相应参数,表明烟草上繁育的子代烟蚜茧蜂的营养状态优于在其他3种寄主植物上得到的烟蚜茧蜂。总体而言,烟草的繁蚜-繁蜂能力和子代烟蚜茧蜂的寄生潜力均强于其他3种寄主植物,更适用于烟蚜茧蜂扩繁;萝卜上繁育的子代烟蚜茧蜂的寄生潜力不及烟草,但明显优于小白菜和油菜,可作为一种烟蚜茧蜂繁育的替代寄主植物,用于提纯、复壮烟蚜和烟蚜茧蜂。

Effects of four host plants on fecundity of Myzus persicae, Aphidius gifuensis and parasitic potential of wasp offsprings

For assessing the reproductive capacities of the aphid Myzus persicae and the wasp Aphidius gifuensis on different host plants, and promoting wasp breeding efficiency, we studied the reproductive processes of aphids and wasps on tobacco, radish rape, and pakchoi, and the parasitic abilities of wasp offspring. The results indicated that the reproductive rates and offspring number of aphids bred by tobacco and radish were greater than those bred by pakchoi and rape. No significant difference was found among the four host plants in the emergence rate of mummified aphids; however, the parasitic rates on tobacco and radish were greater. Additionally, the longevity and the metathoracic tibia length of wasp offspring bred by tobacco were significantly greater than those bred by other host plants. In general, tobacco had relatively greater capacities for breeding aphids and wasps in the present study. Although the potential parasitic ability of the wasp offspring bred by radish was slightly weaker than tobacco, their reproductive capacities were significantly greater than on other two host plants. Therefore, we suggest that radish should be regarded as an alternative host plant for breeding wasp