养分运筹对早稻干物质累积及转运的影响

以湘早籼45号为材料,采用田间小区试验,分别在湖南益阳、湘阴设置不施氮肥、农民习惯施肥、高产高效施肥、超高产施肥、超高产高效施肥A和超高产高效施肥B共6个处理,研究养分运筹对早稻干物质累积及转运的影响。结果表明:高产高效施肥与农民习惯施肥相比,在节氮20%的条件下,通过增施有机肥及调节后期施氮比例,益阳、湘阴早稻抽穗后干物质累积量分别提高43.55%、18.85%,增产4.20%、4.80%;益阳超高产高效施肥A和B处理早稻抽穗后干物质累积量比农民习惯施肥分别提高80.85%、94.00%,增产16.60%、18.75%;湘阴超高产高效施肥A和B处理早稻抽穗后干物质累积量比农民习惯施肥分别提高23.64%、22.91%,增产10.10%、6.75%;不同地力环境条件下,早稻抽穗后干物质累积量与产量呈极显著正相关,提高抽穗后干物质累积量是促进早稻高产的重要途径。

Effect of nutrient application on dry matter accumulation and translocation of early rice

Plot experiments were set up with rice cultivar Xiangzaoxian45 in Yiyang and Xiangyin to investigate the effects of different nutrient application on dry matter accumulation and distribution in early rice.Six treatments were used in each experiment including T1(fertilization application without nitrogen),T2(conventional fertilization application used by farmers),T3(fertilization application for high yield and high efficiency),T4(fertilization application for super high yield),T5(fertilization application for super high yield and high efficiency A) and T6(fertilization application for super high yield and high efficiency B).The results showed that dry matter accumulation after heading stage in Yiyang and Xiangyin with T3 increased by 43.55% and 18.85%,respectively and the corresponding yield of early rice increased by 4.20% and 4.80%,respectively,compared to T2 under the condition of saving 20% nitrogen fertilizer.In the experiment conducted in Yiyang,dry matter accumulation after heading stage and yield of early rice with T5 increased by 80.85% and 16.60% respectively,with T6 increased by 94.00% and 18.75%,respectively,compared to those with T2;and in Xiangyin,dry matter accumulation after heading stage and yield of early rice with T5 increased by 23.64% and 10.10%,respectively,with T6 increased by 22.91% and 6.75% respectively,compared to those with T2.There was an extremely significant correlation between yield and dry matter accumulation after heading stage at different soil fertility levels.Therefore it is an important way to increase the accumulation of dry matter after heading stage for improving the yield of early rice.