甘蓝型油菜抗旱性鉴定研究进展

甘蓝型油菜抗旱育种的最终目的是培育干旱条件下节水、高产的新品种。笔者通过形态及生长发育指标、生理生化指标(光合作用、渗透调节、抗氧化酶活性、内源激素、水分利用率等)、产量和品质指标、综合评价指标等对油菜抗旱性鉴定研究进行了回顾式分析,认为水分胁迫对油菜不同时期形态及生长发育具有重要影响。通过回顾式研究,对甘蓝型油菜抗旱性鉴定研究的现存问题进行分析,并对相关指标与技术展开讨论,以期为油菜抗旱性研究和生产提供参考。同时甘蓝型油菜抗旱性分子机制的阐明必然将油菜抗旱育种研究带入一个崭新的阶段。

Drought Resistance Identification in Brassica napus

The goal of drought-resistant breeding of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is to cultivate water-saving and high-yield new varieties under drought conditions. In this research, drought-resistance identification of rapeseed was studied through morphological and growth indicators, physiological and biochemical indexes (including photosynthesis, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant enzyme activity, endogenous hormones, water use efficiency, etc.), yield and quality indexes, and comprehensive evaluation indexes, etc. It was found that water stress had an important influence on the morphology and growth of rapeseed at different stages. The existing problems in drought resistance identification of rapeseed were analyzed by retrospective study, while the relevant indexes and techniques were discussed to provide references for research and production of rapeseed drought resistance. It is concluded that the molecular mechanism of rapeseed drought resistance would bring drought resistance breeding to a new stage.