河流动态水环境容量核算与影响因素分析

为探究河流动态水环境容量变化规律,有效控制污染物输入量并提高河流水环境质量,满足功能区划要求.以松花江哈尔滨段为研究区域,构建基于二维水质模型的分段求和模型(SSM),核算COD、TN和TP动态水环境容量;采用Monte Carlo模拟方法,分析模型各输入参数敏感性.结果表明,松花江哈尔滨段COD、TN和TP实际水环境容量分别为219723.26、8040.78和2161.34 t;COD和TP实际水环境容量与降水量呈正相关(COD:r=0.766,P=0.004;TP:r=0.63,P=0.028).因此,丰水期是降解污染物、提高水环境容量关键时期;气温、流量是影响动态水环境容量主控因子.研究结果可为河流环境综合治理及流域经济高质量协同发展提供理论基础与科学依据.

Calculation of river dynamic water environment capacity and analysis of influencing factors

In order to explore the variation law of river dynamic water environmental capacity,reasonably and effectively control pollutant input and improved river water environmental quality to meet the requirements of functional zoning. In this study, taking the Harbin section of Songhua River as the study area, a Subsection Summation Model(SSM) based on two-dimensional water quality model was constructed, and the dynamic water environmental capacity of COD, TN and TP was calculated, and the sensitivity of the input parameters of the model was analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation method. The results showed that the actual water environmental capacity of COD, TN and TP in Harbin section of Songhua River was 219 723.26, 8 040.78 and 2 161.34 t, respectively, and the actual water environmental capacity of TP was positively correlated with precipitation(COD: r=0.766, P=0.004; TP: r=0.63, P=0.028). Therefore, the wet season was the key period to degrade pollutants and improve water environmental capacity. Air temperature and flow were the main controlling factors affecting the dynamic water environment capacity. The research results could provide technical supports and theoretical basis for comprehensive river management and high-quality coordinated development of environment and economy under the influence of human activities.