活性炭在水稻花药培养中的作用

对活性炭在水稻花药培养多级成苗植株的生根壮苗中以及对一次成苗诱导率、分化率和绿苗率的效应进行了初步研究。结果表明，０．１％活性炭对一次成苗的诱导率、分化率和绿苗率具有抑制作用，６种基因型的平均诱导出愈率、分化率和绿苗率分别只有４．４９％、１４．１５％、和０．８１％，而没有添加活性炭的可达１０．７２％、２５．１９％和３．２０％。但活性炭对水稻花培多级成苗植株的生根壮苗有明显的促进作用，可使花培苗的苗高、根长、根数和鲜重比对照分别增加２３．１％、４６．７％、９３．９％和２９．３％．本文还简要讨论了活性炭的作用机理，认为活性炭在水稻花粉植株的生根壮苗培养中可以改进培养基与外植体之间的代谢平衡，从而促进花粉植株的生长发育。

Effects of activated charcoal on rice anther culture

The effects of activated charcoal (AC) on anther culture of Oryza sativa L were investigated. It showed that ∶ 0.1% AC apparently inhibited seedlings regeneration in rice anther direct seedling formation culture. The mean induction frequency, differentiation frequency and green plantlets frequency were lower(4.49%, 14.15% and 0.81%, respectively) than that when no AC was used(10.72%, 25.19% and 3.20%). However, AC could significantly strengthen the plantlets and facilitate the generation of the roots in multistage seedling formation and the seedling height, root length, root number and fresh weight were increased by 23.1%, 46.7%, 93.9% and 29.3% respectively compared with the control. The function of AC was also discussed and it was proposed that the metabolic balance between medium and explant could be improved by AC in root generation and seedling vigor of plantlets in rice anther culture to promote the growth of pollen plants.