小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成和检测研究进展

小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成与面包品质密切相关。为了从目前经常使用的一些HMW-GS检测方法中选择满足试验要求的最佳方法，笔者总结了HMW-GS组成，以及利用十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)，反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)和聚合酶链式反应(PCR)三种方法检测小麦HMW-GS组成的应用和研究进展，讨论了3种方法检测小麦HMW-GS组成的优缺点，指出常规育种材料或栽培小麦品种优先选择SDS-PAGE和PCR方法检测小麦中的HMW-GS，这两种方法适合对材料中亚基组成进行检测；而含有远缘遗传物质的小麦或近缘种属结合双向电泳或RP-HPLC方法检测HMW-GS，这两种方法适合发现新的亚基类型或对分子量接近的亚基进行检测。最后展望了SDS-PAGE和PCR方法在小麦分子标记辅助育种中应用前景。

Composition and Detection of High-molecular-weight Glutenin Subunit in Wheat: Research Progress

The composition of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) of wheat is closely related to the quality of bread. To select the most suitable detection method of HMW-GS to meet the test requirements, the authors introduced the composition of HMW-GS in wheat and the progress on detecting the composition of HMW-GS with three methods, including sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDSPAGE), reverse phase high-performance liquid (RP-HPLC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The authors discussed the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods, pointed out that SDS- PAGE and PCR methods were suitable for the HMW-GS detection in conventional breeding materials and cultivated wheat, and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and RP-HPLC were suitable for the HMW-GS detection in the wheat with distant genetic material or the related species. At last, we proposed the application prospect of SDSPAGE and PCR in the molecular marker assisted breeding of wheat.