腐植酸与氮肥配施对土壤理化性质的影响

为了探究腐植酸与氮肥配施对土壤理化性质的影响,于2014年始在河南省开展田间定位试验,共设置单施磷钾肥、常规施肥、单施腐植酸3000 kg/hm~2、常规施肥+腐植酸3000 kg/hm~2、常规施肥减氮15%+腐植酸3000 kg/hm~2、常规施肥减氮30%+腐植酸3000 kg/hm~2等6个处理,分析了不同施肥处理下土壤理化性质的变化特征。结果表明:腐植酸与氮肥配施可以有效改善土壤的理化性质,以常规施肥减氮15%配施腐植酸(T5)的效果最佳。T5处理的土壤容重最低,显著低于其他处理3.67%~8.88%(P0.05);而T5处理的土壤有机质含量、氮素含量、有效磷含量和速效钾含量最高,与常规施肥相比,土壤有机质增加了0.44%,土壤全氮和碱解氮含量显著增加了5.41%和21.76%(P0.05),土壤有效磷增加了4.66%,土壤速效钾含量增加了1.65%,土壤的p H值以T1处理最高,T5处理最低,较T1处理低8.98%(P0.05)。

Combined Application of Humic Acid and Nitrogen Fertilizer Affects Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

To investigate the effects of combined application of humic acid and inorganic N fertilizer on physical and chemical properties of soil, a field location experiment was carried out in 2014 at Henan Province with 6 treatments: no N fertilizer (single PK fertilizer) (T1), conventional fertilization (T2), single humic acid 3000 kg/hm2 (T3), conventional fertilization + humic acid 3000 kg/hm2 (T4), conventional fertilization with nitrogen reduction 15% + humic acid 3000 kg/hm2 (T5), conventional fertilization with nitrogen reduction 30% + humic acid 3000 kg/hm2, and soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed. The results showed that the combined application of humic acid and nitrogen fertilizer could improve the physical and chemical properties of soil effectively, and T5 had the best effect. The soil bulk density of T5 was the lowest, which was 3.67%- 8.88% (P< 0.05) lower than that of other treatments. T5 had the highest soil organic matter, nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content, and increased soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, alkalihydrolyzable nitrogen content, soil available phosphorus and soil available potassium by 0.44%, 5.41% (P<0.05), 21.76% (P< 0.05), 4.66% and 1.65%, respectively, compared with conventional fertilization. The highest pH value was found in T1, while the lowest in T5, which was 8.98% lower than that of T1 (P <0.05).