Effects of ammonium and nitrate on the growth of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizalErythrina poeppigiana O.I. Cook seedlings |
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Authors: | G Cuenca R Azcón |
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Institution: | (1) Centro de Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales, (IVIC), Apartado 21827, 1020 A Caracas, Venezuela;(2) Departmento de Microbiología, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Apartado 419, E-18008 Granada, Spain |
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Abstract: | Erythrina poeppigiana, a woody tropical plant, was inoculated with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungiGlomus etunicatum Becker and Gerdeman,G. mosseae Nicol. and Gerd. Gerdeman and Trappe, orG. intraradices Schenk and Smith. Growth, N uptake, and nutrition were evaluated in VAM-inoculated plants and controls fertilized with two levels (3 or 6 mM) of either NH
inf4
sup+
-N or NO
inf3
sup-
-N. The response by the mycorrhizal plants to N fertilization, according to N source and/or level differed significantly from that of the control plants. In general, the growth of the mycorrhizal plants was similar to that of the non-mycorrhizal plants when N was provided as NH
inf4
sup+
. When the N source was NO
inf3
sup-
the control plants grew significantly less than the VAM plants. Inoculation with VAM fungi gave yield increases of 255 and 268% forG. etunicatum-colonized plants, 201 and 164% forG. mosseae-colonized plants and 286 and 218% forG. intraradices-colonized plants fertilized with 3 and 6 mM NO
inf3
sup-
-N, respectively. The increased growth and acquisition of nutrients by plants fertilized with NO
inf3
sup-
-N and inoculated with VAM shows that VAM mycelium has a capacity for NO
inf3
sup-
absorption. The results also showed thatE. poeppigiana seedlings preferred NH
inf4
sup+
as an N source.G. etunicatum was the most effective endophyte, not only increasing N, P, Ca, Mg, and Zn uptake in the presence of NO
inf3
sup-
fertilizer but also P and Mg in the presence of NH
inf4
sup+
applications. From these results we conclude that VAM symbiosis affects N metabolism inE. poeppigiana plants and that this species can overcome limitations on the use of NO
inf3
sup-
-N by the mediation of VAM fungi. |
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Keywords: | Ammonium Erythrina poeppigiana Nitrate Va mycorrhiza Nutrient uptake Glomus spp |
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