红花苗后除草剂筛选及安全性评价

本研究通过室内盆栽和田间试验相结合的方法筛选出对红花苗后安全且对阔叶杂草防效好的除草剂。室内盆栽试验从12种除草剂中初步筛选出30%草除灵SC、50 g/L双氟磺草胺SC、15%噻吩磺隆WP、12%砜嘧磺隆OD 4种对红花较为安全的除草剂。田间验证试验评估了它们对红花的安全性和除草效果,得出15%噻吩磺隆WP有效剂量36 g/hm~2对红花生长安全,且对红花田阔叶杂草防效最好。在田间验证试验的基础上,继续进行田间剂量优化试验确定合适的施用剂量范围,试验结果表明15%噻吩磺隆WP有效剂量27～36 g/hm~2对红花安全,株高抑制率小于15%,同时对田间阔叶杂草防效好。因此,红花田苗后除草可选用15%噻吩磺隆WP,推荐有效成分使用剂量27～36 g/hm~2;该药剂具有重要的应用前景。

Screening and safety evaluation of post-emergence herbicides in Carthamus tinctorius field

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to screen safe and effective post-emergence herbicides for the control of broad-leaf weeds in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) field. 12 post-emergence herbicides were evaluated for their safety to safflower by pot trials. The result showed that benazolin-ethyl 30% SC, florasulam 50 g/L SC, thifensulfuron-methyl 15% WP and rimsulfuron 12% OD were safe to safflower. Field experiments demonstrated that 36 g/hm2 thifensulfuron-methyl 15% WP was safe to safflower. Compared to the other 3 herbicides, thifensulfuron-methyl 15% WP was more suitable for controlling broad-leaf weeds in safflower field. The suitable application rate of thifensulfuron-methyl 15% WP for controlling broad-leaf weeds were further evaluated in another field experiment. The results showed that thifensulfuron-methyl 15% WP 27-36 g/hm2 was safe to safflower, the inhibition rate of safflower height was less than 15%, and it had good control effect on broad-leaf weeds. All the results indicated that thifensulfuron-methyl 15% WP had important application prospects in safflower field, and the recommended dosage of active ingredient was 27-36 g/hm2.