设施栽培番茄需水规律分析及其气象因子响应模型

基于江苏省南通市2001年、2002年的现场试验资料,计算分析了大棚番茄旬蒸发蒸腾量及其变化规律,建立了设施栽培条件下番茄蒸发蒸腾量的气象因子响应模型。结果显示:覆盖大棚明显降低了番茄的需水强度,大棚番茄蒸发蒸腾量随生育阶段延续、植株生长和外界气温增加呈现逐渐增加的趋势,且前期增长缓慢后期增长速度快;设施栽培番茄蒸发蒸腾量与“气温因子”和“地温因子”有着较为密切的联系,与“相对湿度因子”呈现负相关关系,而与蒸发皿水面蒸发强度的关系则较弱;选取较容易测得的重要因素,建立蒸发蒸腾量的气象因子响应模型,模拟结果较为满意。

Analysis of Tomato Evapotranspiration and Response Model to Meteorologic Factors under Protected Cultivation

Based on field experimental data of Nantong in Jiangsu province from 2001 to 2002,evapotranspiration(ET) of protected tomato was calculated,and the change rules were analyzed.Relationships between ET and meteorologic factors were studied by factors analysis method.Further,response model of evaportranspiration of protected tomato to meteorologic factors was constructed.The results indicate evapotranspiration intensity of tomato decreased distinctly under protected cultivation.Evapotranspiration increased with growing period proceeding and temperature increasing,and the increase speed was lower in the earlier period while higher in the later period.Relationships between ET and "air temperature factors" and "ground temperature factors"were remarkable,and relationship to "relative humidity factors"showed negative correlation.In other words,the tomato evapotranspiration increased corresponding to the decrease of humidity.The pertinence of water surface evaporation to tomato evapotranspiration under protected cultivation was relatively week.Through factors analysis,important factors were selected,and response model was constructed.The analog result was relatively satisfied.