不同C/N下鸡粪麦秸高温堆肥腐熟过程研究

用鸡粪与小麦秸秆为堆肥原料进行高温好氧堆肥试验,研究添加鸡粪对小麦秸秆高温好氧堆肥过程中堆体温度、pH值、碳氮比和养分等理化指标的影响,寻求鸡粪与小麦秸秆高温堆肥的最佳配比,为农作物秸秆快速资源化利用提供科学依据和技术指导。结果表明,鸡粪与小麦秸秆在C/N=25时堆体达到的温度最高,为62℃,达到最高温度所需的时间最短,为2 d。堆肥过程中各处理pH值变化基本一致,都是先上升后下降的过程。堆肥结束时A2处理C/N=14.4,NH4＋-N含量比最高时降低了76.2%,腐殖质比初始增加了50.2%,胡敏酸相对于最低点升高了160%,富里酸与堆肥前相比降低57.1%。堆肥结束时,全氮含量除A1处理有所降低外,其余处理均有所增加。各处理堆肥全磷、全钾、速效磷和速效钾含量在堆肥结束时比堆肥初始均有所增加。综合判断,鸡粪与小麦秸秆C/N=25进行堆肥较为适宜。

The High-rate Composting of Chicken Manure and Wheat Straw in Different C/N

In the research,chicken manure and wheat straw were used as compost material,high-rate aerobic composting was carried out.Effects of adding chicken manure on compost physicochemical indexes including temperature,pH,C/N and nutrients were studied to find the optimum ratio of chicken manure to wheat straw,and provide a scientific basis and technological guidance for rapidly utilizing agricultural straw.Results showed：compost temperature reached the highest 62 ℃ and it used only 2 d when C/N was 25 in chicken manure and wheat straw compound.The pH changed similarly between treatments,they all increased firstly,then decreased during the process.At the end of composting,C/N=14.4,and the content of NH＋4-N reduced 76.2% compared with the highest,HR increased 50.2% and fulvic acid decreased 57.1% compared with the beginning,humic acid increased 160% compared with the lowest in treatment A2;total nitrogen decreased in treatment A1,but it increased in other treatments;total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus and available potassium increased in all treatments.In conclusion,C/N=25 in chicken manure and wheat straw compound was optimum for composting.