基于资源环境水价的塔里木河流域作物农业水价的节水效应分析

立足当前塔河流域的成本水价,基于已有研究的流域水资源费和环境水价模型与相关资料,首先构建了流域基于资源环境水价的未来农业水价;然后,利用已有研究资料和流域不同作物的水分生产函数,进一步构建了流域未来作物农业水价的需求效应模型;分析了未来塔河流域基于资源环境水价的未来作物农业水价的节水效应。结果表明:基于资源环境水价的未来农业水价调整可大幅提高节水效应,只是环境水价更侧重于实现流域生态用水保障的经济补偿。再者,不同流域和作物水价需求弹性效应差别很大,可以实行有差别的农业水价调整政策。还有,流域水价弹性系数会由缺乏弹性变为富有弹性,受作物基本灌溉定额限制,就是采用高效节水技术也难以保证水价节水效应的实现,这成为流域农业水价调整可行性的一个标志。但是,这也使未来流域农业水价的需求效应分析事关流域粮食安全和用水户的水价承受力问题,成为未来塔河流域农业水价调整研究的重要相关研究内容。

Research on Water-saving Effect of Crop Agricultural Water Price Based on Resource and Environment Water Price in Tarim River Basin

According to the models of water resource fee and environmental water price and its relative materials,on the basis of the cost price of water supply,firstly,this paper further calculates the future crop Agricultural water price based on water resource fee and environmental water price.Then according to the experimented data in Yerqing irrigation district and the productive function of water use of the different crops,this paper establishes the demand effect model of Agricultural Water Price and the elastically parameter of demand of water price and further use the model to analyze the water-saving effect of the future crop agricultural water price in Tarim River basin.The results indicate that the water-saving effect of the adjustment of future crop Agricultural water is very significant,but the function of the environmental water price mainly focuses on the realization of the economical compensation of the ecological water use in Tarim river basin.Secondly,the water-saving effect of the future crop Agricultural water price of different crop and basin is different,so different crop Agricultural water price policy can be used in Tarim river basin.Thirdly,the water price elastically parameter can be changed from no-elasticity to rich elasticity.Limited by the basic crop irrigation quota,high-efficiency water-saving technology cannot ensure the realization of the water-saving effect of water price.This is a signal to determine if the adjustment of crop Agricultural water price can be executive in the future in the Tarim river basin.It is also relative to the food safety and the water price carrying capacity of the farmers.So it is the key research contents for the future adjustment of agricultural water price.