玉米早熟性的相关和遗传研究

以包含11个早熟自交系的共24个自交系及由它们配成的含有正、反交组合的116个单交组合(1991年)和122个单交组合(1992年)为材料,研究了玉米早熟性及产量与有关性状的相关性、早熟性的遗传特点。结果为单交组合生育期与其小区产量呈正相关,但也有个别组合表现既早熟又较高产的,单交组合生育期与其株高、单株叶数均呈正相关,单交组合单株籽粒产量与株高、行粒数、百粒重呈正相关,与穗行数基本无相关;杂交组合生育期多数介于双亲生育期之间,并稍偏晚熟亲本,早熟的显性度为0.22(1991年)和0.37(1992年),杂交组合F_1生育期与双亲生育期平均敷(x)之间存在显著正相关关系,回归方程为y=-10.9 1.17x;早熟性的正、反交组合之间不存显著差异。

STUDY ON CORRELATION AND HEREPITY OF EARLV MATURITY OF CORN

The correlation of early maturity and yield of corn hybrid with some ebrrelative traits and hereditary of early maturity wefe studyed, used 24 inbred lines wich included 11 early mature inbred lines and theie 116 (1991) or 122 (1992) single hybreds including possitive and oppositive crossbreeds in them. the results indicated that the mature period wassignificantly and positively interrelated wity the plot yield, plantheight and leaves per plant,but there"were both early mature and high yield in some hybrids. And the grain yield per plant was significantly and positively cor-related with the plantheight, Kernels row and 100 kernel weight; nor correlated with kernel rows. the mature period of most of hybrids was within that of their parants, more over inclined slightly towards later parant. The dominancy of early maturety was rcspectively 0. 22 and 0. 37 in 1991 and 1992. There was siginificantly possitive correlation between maturity period of the hy-brids F1 (y) and average of that of their patents (x) . The experimental formula is y= -10. 94 1.17. There wasn't siginificanr diffence between possitive and oppositive hybrid in the early ma-tureity.