种薯处理对防控马铃薯烂薯病的效果

针对榆林马铃薯产区常年发生的田间烂薯问题,通过防控试验,比较药剂种薯处理和茎叶喷施对控制马铃薯烂薯病害的效果,初步分析导致马铃薯烂薯病害的病原菌种类及初侵染源,为大田防控提供依据。研究结果表明,50%烯酰吗啉种薯处理和茎叶喷施防控的田块,马铃薯产量、薯块商品率及总产值均显著高于农户未防治田块;种薯处理结合茎叶喷雾防控的田块,其马铃薯产量比单纯茎叶喷雾防控田块提高15.7%,纯收入增加27.6%。从田间病薯中未分离出晚疫病菌,表明当地烂薯的发生不是由晚疫病菌引起的。种薯药剂处理作为马铃薯安全生产的一个重要环节,对控制田间烂薯效果明显,可以作为马铃薯病害综合防控技术的关键环节,在陕西榆林马铃薯生产中推广应用。

Seed Tuber Treatment for the Control of Potato Tuber Rot

The tuber rot disease is a serious problem for potato production in Northern Shaanxi. In this study, seed tuber treatment and foliar application of chemicals were assessed to evaluate disease control efficiency based on the potato yield and percentage of marketable tubers. The causal agent for tuber rot was also preliminarily examined. The results showed that both seed tuber treatment with 50% dimethomorph WP and foliar application of different fungicides significantly increased potato yield, and percentage of marketable tuber. A combination of seed tuber treatment and subsequent foliar application further improved tuber rot control, by 15.7%, and 27.6% increase in yield and market value, respectively, compared with the foliar application. Extensive examination of tuber rot causal agent excluded the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans. Seed tuber treatment is an important component in the integrated control of potato diseases in Northern Shaanxi.