常德油菜气候条件及气象灾害防御措施初探

通过分析1995。2012年常德地区油莱生长期间气候条件，发现油菜在生长过程的各时期对日平均气温的要求分别是播种出蕾期19～29℃、营养生长期12～19℃、蕾薹期2—10℃、花期2～14℃、灌浆期12～18℃；通过对各个时期的时间间隔分别与气象要素进行拟合分析，建立了各阶段的气候生态方程；同时，利用各个时期的气象要素分别与油莱一次分枝数、荚果数、千粒重以及平均产量进行相关性分析．分别建立了这4个要素与气象因子之间的线性方程。

A Preliminary Study on Rapeseed Climatic Conditions and Prevention Measures of Meteorological Disaster in Changde

The climatic conditions during the rape growth period were analyzed from 1995 to 2012 in Changde. The results showed that4he daily average temperature of the rapeseed each period in the growth process is namely that it is from 19 to 29 Celsius in the sowing-emergence time, from 12 to 19 Celsius in the vegetative time, from 2 to 10 Celsius in the bugging-sprouts time, from 2 to 14 Celsius in the flowering and from 12 to 18 Celsius jn the grouting time. The time intervals of rape various periods and meteorological factors were fitted and meteorological ecological equation in each stage was established. Finally, the correlation between the meteorological elements and rape primary branches, pods and grain weight, the linear equations, and average yield were analyzed. Four linear equations between elements and meteorological fac- tors were established.