兰花生长发育规律的探讨

本文对盆栽兰花拟球茎生长发育进行动态观察,对原球茎不同发育时期进行形态解剖观察,并对试管中开花的兰花表现不同的株型进行分析。分析認为:①盆栽兰花是由每株兰花各片叶的腋芽逐漸发育成株组成,长叶的个体不形成花蕾,开花的个体其叶片退化为苞叶及鞘。②兰花的生殖生长与营养生长有明显的拮抗现象。③实验结果表明兰花的花序是由腋芽转化为花芽,形成根发育成个体的特性。采用在原球茎增殖阶段用激素(6BA1毫克/升+NAA0.1毫克/升)誘导,能一年四季获得开花植株。开花率90%以上。④说明了试管苗盆栽后的生长发育不比分株繁殖法慢。

STUDIES ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CYMBIDIUM IN TISSUE CULTURE

The growth and development of the pseudobulbs grown in thepots and with morphologically anatomical methods the protocormscultured in an induced vegetative and floral bud initiation mediumduring their different development stages were observed. Three formsof the flowering plantlets in test tubes were analysed. It was consideredthar a Cymbidium plant grown in the pot consisted really of a group ofplantlets. There was a plant with leaves and flowers in the pot, butactually it was composed of a single nonflowering leafy plant and aflowering plant with bracts but no leaves. Furthermore, it was shownthat there was obvious antagonism between the vegetative andreproductive growth. In our experiments it seemed easier to inducefloral initiation with phytohormones in the protocorm subcultures thanafter plantlets had been formed. With this method, induced miniatureorchids flowering in the test tube could be obtained in all seasons.It was highly interesting to note that the induced miniature floweringorchids could continuously bloom for several months from new floralbuds differentiated from the other axillary buds on the same plantlet.After the floral bud formation the plants developed roots, and grew upinto beautiful dwarf miniatures, with their flowers and characteristicfragrance. They might be used to make nice Bonsai's.