4个玉米早代材料应用潜力研究

通过Shukla稳定性分析方法对4个玉米早代材料即A037、A026、A025、A15M9系列测交种产量及其构成要素的遗传方差分量和F1杂种优势进行分析.联合方差分析和遗传方差分量估算结果表明:4个玉米早代材料40个测交种小区产量杂交优势明显,群体平均优势都为正值,其中A037×PQ47组合增幅最大,为42.17％,增幅最小组合是A15M9×桂M130,为6.21％,其中增幅达到20％以上的组合就有34个.株高受显性效应、加性效应和显性与环境互作效应的影响,其占总表型变异的比率分别为16.14％、20.65％、11.34％；穗位高受显性与环境互作效应的影响,比率为12.27％；穗长受加性效应和显性与环境互作效应的影响,比率分别为28.10％、31.15％；穗粗受显性与环境互作效应的影响,比率为17.65％；行粒数受加性效应、显性效应、加性与环境互作效应和显性与环境互作效应的影响,比率分别为34.07％、27.24％、62.06％、41.63％；百粒重受加性与环境互作效应和显性与环境互作效应的影响,比率分别为42.86％、66.00％；出籽率受加性与环境互作效应和显性与环境互作效应的影响,比率分别为121.86％、85.63％.通过遗传差异研究表明:4个亲本与10个测验系之间遗传关系的远近与F1基因型值具有复杂的非线性关系.

Potential application four maize early generation material

Analyzed genetic variance components of yield and its component elements and F1 heterosis advantages, population had a positive average advantage, espicially cross combination of A037 and PQ47, the biggest amplitude was as high as 42.17%. and the minimum amplitude was 6.21% which was found in cross combination of A15M9 and Gui M130. More importantly, we found 34 cross combinations amplitude more than 20%. Effect of plant height by dominant effect, additive effect and dominant × environment, which total phenotypic variance account for 16.14%, 20.65% and 11.34% respectively. Effect of ear position height by dominant × environment effect, which account for 12.27% . Effect of ear length by additive effect and dominant × environment, which account for 28.10% and 31.15% respectively. Effect of ear stem width by dominant × environment, which account for 17.65%. Effect of row kernel number, dominant, additive × Environment and dominant × environment, which account for 34.07%, 27.24%, 62.06% and 41.63% respectively. Effect of 100-seed weight by additive × environment and dominant × environment, which account for 42.86% and 66.00% respectively. Effect of seed-producing percentage by additive × environment and dominant × environment, which account for 121.86% and 85.63% respectively. In additionally, the genetic diversity analysis showed that there was complex nonlinear relation between genetic relationships of the four parents and ten test lines and F1 genotype.