4种鸣虫染色体核型研究(直翅目:蝗总科)

采用常规压片法对网翅蝗科的隆额网翅蝗(Arcyptera coreana Shiraki)、宽翅曲背蝗Paracyptera microptera meridionalis(Ikonnikov)]及斑翅蝗科的赤翅蝗(Celes skalozubovi Adelung)和鼓翅皱膝蝗Angaracris barabensis(Pall.)]4种具有鸣叫行为的蝗虫进行染色体核型研究。结果表明:4种蝗虫性别决定机制为XO型,网翅蝗科2种蝗虫染色体数目:2n(♂)=20+XO=21。斑翅蝗科2种蝗虫染色体数目:2n(♂)=22+XO=23。4种直翅目鸣虫的染色体核型在较高的分类阶元中彼此间存在较为稳定的差异性;同科的蝗虫体现较近的亲缘关系,染色体核型存在较大的共性(染色体数目及染色体组式相同),然而在同一科下的不同属蝗虫间,染色体绝对长度及相对长度存在一定差异;不同科间蝗虫的染色体组式、染色体绝对长度及相对长度均存在较大差异,因此蝗虫染色体的核型可用作科间、属间分类的依据。4种鸣虫染色体核型的相似性与形态学分类结果在一定程度上一致。

Chromosomal Karyotypes of Four Species of Chirp Insects ( Orthop-tera: Acridoidea)

Karyotypes of Arcyptera coreana Shiraki and Paracyptera microptera meridionalis ( Ikonni-kov) of Arcypterinae and karyotypes of Celes skalozubovi Adelung and Angaracris barabensis (Pall.) of Oedipodidae were analyzed by conventional chromosome analysis. Sex-determining mechanism of these 4 grasshoppers was XO. Chromosome number of family Arcypterinae was 2n = 21, while fami-ly Oedipodidae had 23 chromosome (2n = 23). There were obvious differences in the cytological characters between different families and different genera. Locusts of the same family which belong to different genera were of close affinity. However, size of thechromosomes and their chromosomal rela-tive length showed differences. Locusts of different families and different genera had great differences in size of the chromosomes, chromosomal relative length and karyotype formula. As a result, the chromosomal karyotype could be used to classify different families and different genera. The results of the clustering analysis were consistent with those of anatomy. At the same time, these results were in line with the results of morphological classification.