农田土壤中土壤水渗漏与硝态氮淋失的模拟研究

应用HYDRUS-1D模型对黄淮海平原的主要土壤(黄潮土和风沙土)中水分与硝态氮的垂直运移规律进行了模拟分析。对模型参数的敏感性分析表明:饱和水力传导度是最敏感的参数,饱和含水量的敏感性次之。数值模拟结果表明:该地区在传统水氮管理制度下,土壤水渗漏和硝态氮淋失非常严重;全耕作年风沙土的土壤水渗漏大于黄潮土,分别为34.3cm和22.7cm,占灌水量的42.1%和74.6%;风沙土的硝态氮淋失大于黄潮土,分别为108.0kg/hm和76.6kg/hm,占总输入氮量的25.3%、14.3%。

Modeling of Soil Water Drainage and Nitrate N Leaching in Arable Soils

The vertical transport of soil water and nitrate N in main soil groups (yellow fluvo-aquic soils and Aeolian sandy soil) in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain was simulated by HYDRUS-1D model. Sensitivity analysis of model parameters showed: Saturated hydraulic conductivity is the most sensitive factor for two soil groups, and saturated water content takes second place. Numerical simulation indicated: under conventional management of water and nitrogen, soil water deep drainage and nitrate N leaching are very serious. The water leakage amount of Aeolian sandy soil is more than that of yellow fluvo-aquic soils, reaching 34.3 cm and 22.7 cm, respectively, about 42.1% and 74.6% of total water irrigated. The nitrate N leaching amount of Aeolian sandy soil is more than that of yellow fluvo-aquic soils, reaching 108.0 kg/hm和76.6 kg/hm, respectively, about 25.3% and 14.3% of total N applied.