不同产地红茶香气成分的测定及分析

通过同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)提取8个不同产地红茶的香气成分,采用气质联用(GC-MS)测定了各香气成分含量,对其差异进行了分析。结果表明:8种红茶共检测出182种香气化合物,其中信阳红茶60种、祁门红茶75种、正山小种59种、凤庆红茶72种、英红九号64种、石门怡红87种、锡兰红茶75种、印度大吉岭红茶96种;红茶香气化合物以醇类、醛类为主,其含量超过了总香气物质的50%;祁门红茶、凤庆红茶和印度大吉岭红茶以醇类的相对含量偏高,信阳红、英红九号、石门怡红和锡兰红茶以醛类的相对含量偏高,而正山小种二者相对含量较接近;祁门红茶和正山小种萜烯指数较低,其香气类型为香叶醇占主导地位的典型中国变种红茶香气;英红九号、石门怡红、锡兰红茶、凤庆红茶、印度大吉岭红茶、信阳红茶的萜烯指数较高,它们的香气属于芳樟醇占优势的香型。

Analysis of Aroma Components of Black Teas from Different Regions

The aroma compounds of 8 kinds of black tea from different regions were extracted by Simultaneous Distillation and Extraction (SDE), and identified on the aroma composition content and its difference by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in this study. The results showed that 182 kinds of aroma components were detected from the 8 black teas, including 60 aroma substances from Xinyang black tea, 75 from Qimen black tea, 59 from Zhengshanxiaozhong black tea, 72 from Fengqing black tea, 64 from Yinghong 9, 87 from Shimenyihong black tea, 75 from Ceylon black tea and 96 from Indian Darjeeling black tea. The aroma compounds of black tea are mainly alcohols and aldehydes, which exceed 50% of the total aroma compounds. The relative content of alcohols of the Qimen black tea, Fengqing black tea and Indian Darjeeling black tea was higher, the relative content of aldehydes of the Xinyang black tea, Yinghong 9, Shimenyihong black tea and Ceylon black tea was higher, but the relative contents of the two components of Zhengshanxiaozhong black tea were relatively close to each other. The terpene index of Qimen black tea and Zhengshanxiaozhong black tea was lower, the aroma type of which was the typical Chinese variety of black tea aroma dominated by geraniol, while the terpene index of Yinghong 9, Shimenyihong, Ceylon, Fengqing, Indian Darjeeling, Xinyang black tea was higher, which belonged to the flavor aroma of dominant linalool.