奶牛临床型乳腺炎致病菌分离鉴定及2种常见用药方案的疗效研究

为了研究奶牛乳腺炎致病菌种类,同时比较青霉素、链霉素合并使用与沃瑞特单独使用在奶牛临床型乳腺炎的治疗中的疗效差异,以100头患有临床型乳腺炎的奶牛为研究对象,对从乳样中分离到的细菌进行鉴定;在同一饲养管理条件下将上述患牛分为对照组（4头）、沃瑞特组（50头）、青链霉素组（46头）进行疗效对比研究。结果表明,致病菌葡萄球菌的分离率为37.0%、大肠杆菌为30.1%、克雷伯菌为 18.3%、链球菌为2.4%,其他菌为12.2%,占比例最高的是葡萄球菌;2种用药方案均收到良好的治疗效果,青链霉素组治愈率为78.26%,沃瑞特治愈率为66.00%,青链霉素组治愈率显著高于沃瑞特组。

Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows and Therapeutic Effectiveness Assessment of Two Commonly Used Medication Regimens

This study aimed to determine the species distribution of pathogenic bacteria associated with clinical mastitis in dairy cows, and to compare the therapeutic effectiveness of combinative use of penicillin and streptomycin versus ′Woruite′ （a commercially available ceftiofur sodium preparation） alone in the treatment of clinical mastitis in dairy cows. A total of 100 dairy cows with clinical mastitis were selected and assigned into the following three groups a control group （n=4）, a ′Woruite′ treatment group （n=50）, and a combinative therapeutic group of penicillin and streptomycin （n=46）. Milk samples were collected from the experimental cows, and the bacterial isolation and identification were performed with traditional methods. Therapeutic effectiveness of the two medication regimens was clinically evaluated and compared. The most frequently isolated bacterial species was pathogenic staphylococci （37.0%）, followed by Escherichia coli （30.1%）, Klebsiella （18.3%） and streptococci (2.4%). Furthermore, some other bacterial species were also found, with total isolation rate of 12.2%. It was indicated that staphylococci are the dominant causative pathogenic bacteria in clinical mastitis of dairy cows. Both of the two medication regimens had good therapeutic effectiveness in treatment of clinical mastitis. The curative rate of the combinative therapeutic group of penicillin and streptomycin was 78.26%, which was significantly higher than that of the ′Woruite′ treatment group （66.00%）.