非嗜食植物次生化合物对褐稻虱实验种群的控制作用

采用干扰作用控制指数(Interference index of population control,ⅡPC),研究了非嗜食植物乙醇提取物对褐稻虱(Nilaparvata lugens(Stal))实验种群的控制作用.结果表明,供试的26种植物乙醇提取物(1 gDW·100mL-1)中,大多数对褐稻虱种群有明显的产卵忌避作用和综合干扰控制作用.其中苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum Petr.et Widd)、甘草(Clycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch)、飞机草(Chromolaena odorata)3种植物乙醇提取物的产卵忌避率达90%以上;薇苷菊(Mikannia micrantha H.B)、飞机草、苍耳等14种植物乙醇抽提物1 gDW·100mL-1对褐稻虱的综合ⅡPC小于0.1,表明对褐稻虱种群的控制效果达90%以上;同时部分植物乙醇提取物具有一定的毒杀作用,如薇苷菊、马樱丹(Lantana camaraL.)等乙醇提取物对褐稻虱1～2龄若虫的ⅡPC达到0.32～0.45,薇苷菊、尾叶桉(Eucalyptus urophlyla S.T.Blakely)、飞机草对3～5龄若虫的ⅡPC分别为0.40～0.50,即对褐稻虱1～2、3～5龄若虫分别具有55%～68%和50%～60%的毒杀效果.这些植物乙醇提取物可作为组建水稻植物保护剂的成分.

Effects of semio-chemical of the non-host plant on brown planthopper( Nilaparvata lugens )

Based on the theory of plant deterring, the interference indices of population control (IIPC) were used to evaluate the complex effects of spraying alcohol extracts of non-preferable plants on the experimental population of brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens) . The repelling action of oviposition and the complex effects of alcohol extracts of 26 kinds of common plants on brown planthopper were studied with IIPC in laboratory. The results showed that the alcohol extracts of Chromolaena odorata, Xanthium sibiricum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis of semio-chemicals gave the IIFC of egg repelling below 0.1, which meant that they gave noticeable effects to protect the rice against brown planthopper in different degree. The complex IIPC of 14 kinds of alcohol extracts, such as Chromolaena odorata, Mikania micrantha, were below 0.1, respectively, which meant that their complex controlling effects against brown planthopper were above 90% . The next, there were a little toxicity on 1 - 2 nymphae and 3 - 5 nymphae to a certain degree. The IIPC of alcohol extracts of M. micrantha, Lantana camara L., Eucalyptus urophlyla and C. Odorata on 1 - 2 nymphae,3 - 5 nymphae were 0.32 - 0.45, 0.40 - 0.50, respectively. These extracts maybe used as repellents to construct the rice protectant.