螺旋刀型垄台清理装置的设计与试验

针对现有玉米垄作免耕播种机存在的堵塞，功耗大，播种后种带存有大量秸秆影响播种质量等问题，研究设计了一种与玉米垄作免耕播种机配套使用的螺旋刀型垄台清理装置。在玉米秸秆覆盖垄作地试验结果表明，该装置的土壤扰动量约为18.3%～26%，秸秆覆盖率降低了35%～53%，能够满足免耕播种要求，有利于提高播种质量。相比条带旋耕式垄台清理装置，免耕播种机单位面积耗油量降低了13.8%，能够减少拖拉机的动力消耗。因此螺旋刀型垄台清理装置不仅解决了条带旋耕式垄台清理装置动力消耗大的问题，而且能够创造清洁的种床，对垄作保护性耕作技术的推广具有重要意义。

Design and experiment on twist type ridge-clear device

From the view of the existing problems, such as straw blocking, high energy consumption, too many straw covered after planting in the seedbed, a twist type ridge-clear device for corn ridge till and no-till planter was designed. Field experiment that covered with broken stalks of corn showed that the soil disturbance was 18.3%-26%, the straw percentage of coverage was decreased by 35%-53% in the seedbed, which met the challenges of conservation tillage and was favorable for improving the seeding. Compared with the strip-roto tilling ridge till and no-till planter, the ridge till and no-till planter with twist type ridge-clear could reduced fuel consumption by 13.8%. Therefore the twist type ridge-clear solved the problems of high power consumption with strip-rototilling device, and also created the clean seedbed. This experiment showed that it was significantly important to popularize and apply for ridge-till and no-till seeders in the northeast area of China.