西藏“一江两河”流域越冬黑颈鹤种群数量及分布1）

对西藏“一江两河”流域越冬黑颈鹤（ Grus nigricollis）种群数量及分布情况进行了调查，并分析了黑颈鹤昼间活动生境和人为干扰情况。结果表明：2010年12月—2011年1月、2012年12月—2013年1月、2015年1月在“一江两河”流域越冬的黑颈鹤数量分别为6041、59496、496只。拉孜到南木林之间雅鲁藏布江中上游河谷和墨竹工卡到林周之间的拉萨河－澎波河谷一区是越冬黑颈鹤最为集中的2个区域；黑颈鹤昼间活动的主要生境是农田和水体，在这2种生境活动的黑颈鹤集群分别占集群总数（ n＝125）的80．8％和17．6％；12．0％的越冬黑颈鹤集群受到人为干扰的影响，其中69．2％的干扰来自开发建设。

Number and Distrib ution of Wintering Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) in Drainage Area of Yarlu ng Zang-bo River and Its Two Branches from Tibet,China

We surveyed the number and distribution of wintering black-necked crane (Grusnig ricollis) in the drainage area of Yarlung Zangbo River and its two branches , and analyzed the diurnal activities habitat of wintering black-necked crane and human disturbance situation .The number of wintering black-necked crane ( G.nigricollis) in drainage area of Yarlung Zangbo river and its two branches were 6 041, 5 949 and 6 496 in December 2010 to January 2011, December 2012 to Jan-uary 2013, and January 2015, respectively, and the most concentrated area of wintering black-necked cranes was located in the upper-middle valley of Yalung Zangbo from Lazi to Nanmulin , and Lhasa river-Peng wave valley area from Maizhokunggar to Linzhou .The day activity habitat of wintering black-necked crane were farmland and ford , and the pro-portion of black-necked crane flocks (n=125) in the two kind of habitat were 80.8%and 17.6%, respectively.There were 12%of black-necked crane flocks affected by human disturbance , of which 69.2%was mainly from human development and construction .