带翼振动深松铲运动特性分析及试验研究

为解决目前深松作业机具在南方大粘性、易板结及压实特别严重的土壤特性下,机具耕作阻力大、深松质量不高的问题,对带翼振动深松铲深松机理进行研究。通过对机具深松部件进行运动仿真,对速度、加速度、运动轨迹进行分析表明:铲翼和铲尖的切削和抬升土壤过程同步交替进行;铲尖水平方向速度和加速度幅值很大,主要切削土壤,铲翼垂直速度和加速度幅值很大,主要抬升土壤;铲翼对土壤进行二次的破碎疏松,以较小的耕作阻力有效提高了土壤疏松质量。田间试验结果表明:振动深松后在10~20cm和20~30cm土层的坚实度降低了54.2%和53.7%,不振动深松10~20cm和20~30cm土层的坚实度降低了41.6%和48.8%;特别是在0~1 0 cm土层振动深松使土壤坚实度比深松前降低了7 0.1%,远大于不振动深松的4 2.7%;带翼深松铲振动深松相比不振动深松可以减少3.2%~27.2%的牵引力阻力,减阻效果明显。由此可为带翼深松铲结构优化和提高深松机具在南方的作业性能提供理论参考。

Kinetic Characteristic Analysis and Experimental Study for Subsoiler with Wing

Southern soil is viscosity, easily compacted and compaction.In order to solve the problems of deep loosening of machine-cultivated resistance and poor quality of deep loosening.This paper studied mechanism of Winged subsoiler vibrational subsoiling.Through emulated motion of machine deep loose parts and analyzed the velocity, acceleration, trajectory, could learn that cutting and lifting soil processes of Shovel and Shovel wing tip were synchronized alternately.Shovel sharp have large horizontal acceleration amplitude and main cutting soil,Wings shovel have large vertical acceleration amplitude and main lift the soil.Shovel wing secondary crushing loose for soil, farming resistance can be reduced and the loosing soil quality can be improved.Field test results show: After vibrational deep loosening, in 10-20cm and 20-30cm soil strength was reduced by 54.2% and 53.7%.Not vibrational deep loosening, in 10-20 cm and 20-30cm soil strength was reduced by 41.6% and 48.8%.Especially in 0~10cm soil vibration subsoiling soil firmness than before subsoiling decreased 70.1%, is greater than 42.7% of not deep loosening vibration.Winged subsoiler vibration subsoiling compared to no vibration can be reduced by 3.2%-27.2% of the traction force resistance, drag reduction effect is obvious.The study can provide a reference basis for futher optimization of the mechanical structure and to improve the working performance of the deep loosening machine in the south.