新型锐角开沟器的设计及数值模拟

针对锐角开沟器土壤扰动大的问题,根据旗鱼头部轮廓曲线设计了3种新型锐角开沟器(仿生旗鱼型、圆弧型和斜线型开沟器)。选择土壤含水率(12±1)%、2种开沟深度(30、90 mm),利用离散元法(DEM)对3种开沟器的工作阻力和土壤扰动进行仿真分析,并进行土槽试验。试验与仿真结果对比表明:各项误差值均在合理范围内,验证了EDEM软件模拟开沟器作业的可行性和准确性。最后选定在开沟深度60mm时,3种类型开沟器、3种土壤含水率为因素进行9种工况下的仿真分析。结果表明:在一定深度情况下,3种开沟器的工作阻力均随含水率的增加而增大;而在含水率变化的情况下,开沟器对土壤扰动(扰动宽度、回土深度)变化不明显。仿生旗鱼型开沟器所受工作阻力和对土壤扰动最小。通过离散元仿真和试验分析,为开沟器的设计提供一种可行的方法,并可为开沟器的设计与优化提供理论依据。

Design and Numerical Simulation of New Acute Angle Opener

Aiming at the problem that the acute angle openers have great soil disturbance, three new acute angle openers(the type of opener with biomimetic sailfish、arc and slash)were designed based on the head profile curve of sailfish.Two kinds of soil moisture(12±1%,16±1%)and two kinds of trench depth (60 mm,90 mm)were chosen to simulate the working resistance and soil disturbance of three kinds of openers based on discrete element method and conduct the soil groove test.By comparing the simulation and experimental results obtained, feasibility and accuracy of simulation for the working process of openers were verified.At the trench depth 60mm,three kinds of openers、soil moisture were chosen as factors to simulate in 9 kinds of working condition.The results show that the working resistance of three kinds of openers increases with the trench depth and soil moisture increasing.The working resistance exerted on biomimetic sailfish opener is the least.The soil disturbance width of three kinds of openers increases with the trench depth increasing and the soil disturbance of biomimetic sailfish opener is weaker than the kinds of arc and slash.This paper provides a feasible method for the design of opener and a theoretical basis for its design and optimization by discrete element simulation and experimental analysis.