柑桔贮藏病害发生动态和化学防腐保鲜技术的研究

作者1983～1995年间研究了浙江自然状态下柑桔贮藏病害的发生动态。结果显示,以采后侵染为主的病害发病率占59.79±22.40％;采前采后均可侵染,但以采前侵染为主的病害发病率占40.21±22.40％。后一类病害为害加剧是浙江柑桔贮藏病害发生的新动态,从国内外16种药剂中筛选出抑霉唑(Imazalil)、扑霉灵(Prochloraz)、百可得(Bellkute)等新型柑桔防腐保鲜剂,大量用于生产,解决了柑桔青、绿霉病菌对苯并咪唑类药剂的抗药性问题,经济和社会效益显著。研究了抑霉唑对柑桔青、绿霉病菌的敏感基线,在国内外首次报道大幅度降低使用浓度(仅原来的1/2～1/4)仍有良好效果,并率先在浙江桔区大量使用。

STUDIES ON THE OCCURRING DYNAMICS OF CITRUS STORAGE DISEASES AND THE TECHNIQUE OF CHEMICAL ANTISEPSIS AND FRESH KEEPING OF THE FRUIT

Studies on the occurring dynamics of citrus storage diseases in natural conditions in Zhejiang citrus growing areas were conducted systematically in 1983-1995. The results show that the disease incidence of the disease caused by Penicillium italicum and P. digitatum, which infected from wounds after harvesting, was 59.79 ±22.40%. The incidence of the disease caused by Diplodia natalensis, Phomopsis cytosporella and other, infected from non-wound mainly before harvesting, was 40.21±22.40%. The increase of the later is the new development of citrus storage disease in Zhejiang Province. New types of fresh keeping antisepsis chemicals, Imazalil, Prochloraz, Bellkute, etc., were screened from 16 fungicides at home and abroad and used in citrus production. The resistance of P. italicum and P. digitatum to benzimidazole had been solved to that the economical and social benefits are quite significant. The sensitive base line of P. italicum and P. digitatum to Imazalil were studied. The result presents that the effective concentration of it can be reduced to 1/4-1/2 of the original one.