闽西南黑兔遗传多样性的微卫星标记分析

利用微卫星标记技术,选用16个微卫星位点对60只闽西南黑兔群体遗传多态性和遗传结构进行分析。结果表明,在所检测的闽西南黑兔群体中,16个微卫星位点共检测到了75个等位基因,各位点的等位基因数在3～7之间,平均等位基因数为4.688个,平均有效等位基因数为3.443。各位点平均基因频率取样方差V（pij）为5.7546×10-3。16个微卫星位点平均观察杂合度HO为0.764,范围在0.200～1.000之间,平均期望杂合度He 0.685,其范围在0.410～0.811之间,各位点多态信息含量（PIC）变动范围为0.359～0.776,平均PIC为0.629,其中有13个位点处于高度多态（PIC〉0.5）,16个微卫星位点的平均固定指数（F）为-0.115。在所检测的16个微卫星位点上,经x2平衡检验,闽西南黑兔群体偏离Hardy～Weinberg程度不大。

Determination of Genetic Characteristics of Minxinan Black Rabbit Population using Microsatellite Markers

To evaluate the genetic polymorphisms of Minxinan black rabbit, 60 Minxinan black rabbits were genotyped with 16 microsatellite markers. A total of 75 alleles were detected,and the number of the alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 7, with a mean number of 4. 688 and average effective alleles of 3. 443. The observed and expected heterozygosities were from 0. 200 to 1.00 and 0. 410 to 0. 811, respectively. The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0. 764 and 0. 685, respectively. The polymorphism information content values ranged from 0. 359 to 0. 776, and the mean polymorphism information content of the 16 microsatellite loci was 0. 629. Thirteen of the 16 microsatellite loci detected in Minxinan black rabbits were highly polymorphic. The mean fixation index of the 16 microsatellite loci was -0. 115, which indicated that the degree of heterozygote defect at these loci was low and deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were not significant.