合肥市地表温度反演及热力景观格局动态变化研究

以合肥市为研究区,使用Landsat ETM+、Landsat TM遥感数据以及相关的统计年鉴、气象数据,采用单窗算法对研究区地表温度进行反演,得出合肥市地表温度分布图,并对地表温度数据行标准化处理,划分热力景观类型,得到多年的热力景观类型分布图。结合景观生态学方法对景观分类图进行景观指数计算及分析,研究合肥市热力景观格局动态演变过程。结果表明,合肥市1999年、2002年、2006年和2010年都存在明显的热岛效应现象;从2002年到2010年,热岛区域在1999的基础上逐渐扩张,2010年热岛强度整体上有所降低,高温区域比较分散;在斑块类型水平上,中温区、次高温区和高温区的斑块面积比的比重逐年增加,1999年、2002年和2006年低温区为优势热力景观类型,到了2010年则变为中温区;在景观水平上,最大斑块指数逐年减小,研究区域景观不再由少数热力景观类型所控制,simpson多样性指数和均匀性指数逐年增大,热力景观异质性增加;城市化发展等人为因素是热力景观格局演变的主要驱动力。

Land surface temperature retrieval and dynamic change of the thermal landscape patterns of Hefei city

Using the remote sensing(RS) images of Landsat ETM+,Landsat TM,related statistical year-books,and meteorological data,the distribution of land surface temperature and the dynamic change of thermal landscape patterns of Hefei city were analyzed.The land surface temperature of Hefei city was retrieved from RS images by mono-window algorithm,and the distribution maps of the land surface temperature were figured out.The data of land surface temperature were standardized and the thermal landscape types were classified,and the multi-years distribution maps of thermal landscape types were obtained.The results showed that there were obvi-ous heat island effects in Hefei city in 1999,2002,2006 and 2010.From 2002 to 2010,the region of heat island in Hefei city was expanded gradually on the based of 1999.Heat island intensity in 2010 was lower than other years and the regions with high temperature were more scattered.On the level of patch classes,the proportion of patch area ratio in regions of middle temperature,inferior high temperature and middle temperature were increased gradually from 1999.The dominant thermal landscape type was region of inferior low temperature in 1999,2002 and 2006,but it turns into region of middle temperature in 2010.On the level of landscape,the largest patch index decreased year by year.The landscape of research region was no longer controlled by a few thermal landscape types.Simpson diversity index and simpson evenness index were increased gradually.This indicated that the het-erogeneity of thermal landscape became more and more complicated.The main driving force for the dynamic change of thermal landscape patterns of Hefei city were the development of urbanization and human factors.