贵州本地山羊STAT5A基因多态性及其与生长性状关联分析

本研究通过探讨STAT5A基因SNP与山羊生长性状关联性,旨在为山羊选种选育提供更好的科学依据。实验以贵州白山羊和贵州黑山羊为研究对象,采用DNA池法及PCR-SSCP技术检测STAT5A基因单核苷酸多态性。结果发现,在贵州白山羊和贵州黑山羊STAT5A基因内含子10均检测到1个SNP位点G127A,表现为3种基因型,分别命名为GG、GA和AA。基因型与生长性状关联分析显示,贵州黑山羊基因型GA个体的胸围和体重指标显著高于基因型GG个体（p〈0.05）,而其余3个指标均差异不显著（p〉0.05）;贵州白山羊基因型GA个体的体斜长、胸围和管围指标显著高于基因型GG个体（p〈0.05）,而其余指标均差异不显著（p〉0.05）。研究结果提示：STAT5A基因可能是影响山羊体重、体斜长、管围和胸围的主效基因或与主效基因连锁,G127A位点可望作为提高山羊个体生长性状的分子遗传标记。

Association Analysis Between Polymorphism of STAT5A Gene and Growth Traits in Guizhou Native Goat

In order to provide the basic information and scientific proof for better heredity selection of goat, this study was to analyze the association of STAT5 A gene polymorphisms with the growth traits in goat. Guizhou white goats and Guizhou black goats from Guizhou native goat breeds were selected for testing subjects, the DNA pooling was constructed and the technology of direct sequencing of PCR products and PCR-SSCP were used to detect the single nucleotide polymorphism of STAT5 A gene. The result showed that G127 A were detected in intro 10 of STAT5 A gene in these goat breeds, respectively. The SNP（G/A） was devided into three genotypes： GG, GA and AA.The study of relationships between genotype and body weight and body size traits revealed that body height and chest girth of individuals of Guizhou black goats with genotype GA were better than that of individuals with genotype GG（p〈0.05）, but no significant difference between genotype and the others（p〉0.05）. However, in Guizhou white goats, GA genotype had higher body length, chest girth and hucklebone width than that of genotype GG（p〉0.05）, there was no difference among the rest of growth traits（p〈0.05）. The consequence indicated that STAT5 A gene was primarily deduced to be a potential major gene or linked to major gene effecting goat growth traits, and this SNP（G127A） might be a candidate molecular marker of MAS.