地衣芽孢杆菌对发酵床饲养仔猪生长性能、消化酶活性及肠道主要菌群数量的影响

本试验旨在研究发酵床饲养模式下日粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌对仔猪生长性能、胰腺和小肠黏膜消化酶活性及肠道主要菌群数量的影响。选用108头体重13kg左右的35日龄健康苏钟猪,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复12头,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)、基础日粮+40mg/kg杆菌肽锌+20mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素(抗生素组)、基础日粮+300mg/kg地衣芽孢杆菌(益生菌组)的试验日粮。预试期7d,正试期52d。结果表明:1与对照组相比,日粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌能够在一定程度上提高仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量,降低料重比,但各组间差异均不显著(P0.05)。2与对照组相比,日粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌能够极显著提高仔猪胰腺中淀粉酶活性、十二指肠黏膜中麦芽糖酶活性和空肠黏膜中乳糖酶活性(P0.01),十二指肠黏膜和空肠黏膜中蔗糖酶活性显著提高(P0.05)。3与对照组相比,日粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌能够显著提高仔猪盲肠芽孢杆菌数量(P0.05);乳酸杆菌数量较对照组提高4.09%,大肠杆菌数量较对照组降低4.86%,但均未达到显著水平(P0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,日粮中添加300mg/kg地衣芽孢杆菌能够提高发酵床饲养仔猪胰腺、小肠黏膜消化酶活性及盲肠芽孢杆菌数量,同时仔猪生长性能也在一定程度上有所改善。

Effect of Bacillus licheniformis on Growth Performance,Digestive Enzymes and the Number of Intestinal Main Microbial Flora of Piglets Raised in Fermentation Bed

This study investigated the effect of Bacillus licheniformis on growth performance, digestive enzymes activity of pancreas, disaccharidase of intestinal mucosa and the number of intestinal main microbial flora of weaned piglets raised in fermentation bed. One hundred and eight 35-day-old weaned piglets with similar average body weight were randomly divided into three groups with three replicates in each group and twelve piglets in each replicate. The weaned piglets in three groups were fed a basal diet (control group, CT), basal diet+40 mg/kg bacitracin zinc+20 mg/kg colistin sulphate (antibiotic group, ABT) and basal diet+300 mg/kg Bacillus licheniformis (probiotics group, PBT). The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and the trial period lasted for 52 days. The results showed as follows:①Compared with the control group, the supplementation of Bacillus licheniformis could increase ADG, ADFI and decrease F/G to some extent, but there were no significant differences in growth performance among all groups (P>0.05). ②Compared with the control group, the supplementation of Bacillus licheniformis extremely significantly increased the activitiy of amylase in pancreas, the activity of maltase in duodenum mucosa and the activity of lactase in jejunum mucosa (P<0.01), and significantly increased the activity of sucrase in duodenum and jejunum mucosa (P<0.05). ③Compared with the control group, the supplementation of Bacillus licheniformis significantly increased the number of Bacillus in caecum (P<0.05), and the number of Lactobacillus was increased by 4.09%, the number of Escherichia coli was decreased by 4.86%, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of 300 mg/kg Bacillus licheniformis could improve the activity of digestive enzymes in pancreas and intestinal mucosa of piglets, increase the number of Bacillus in caecum, and improve the growth performance to some extent.