鸡马立克病CVI988疫苗不同接种部位对免疫效果的影响

探讨鸡马立克病CVI988疫苗不同的接种部位对免疫效果的影响,将96只1日龄海兰褐公雏鸡随机分成对照组(C)、腹腔注射接种组(PI)和颈部皮下接种组(HI),C组腹腔注射0.2mL疫苗稀释液,PI组和HI组注射0.2mL CVI988疫苗。在第3、6、10、15、20、26、35、45天对3组各4只鸡进行心脏采血,制作血涂片,分别进行ANAE和甲基绿-派洛宁染色,观察血液中阳性B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞百分率的变化。结果显示,在免疫早期(3日龄～6日龄),免疫组的阳性T淋巴细胞显著低于对照组,而阳性B淋巴细胞在第3天就显著高于对照组;在免疫中后期,免疫组的阳性T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞基本都显著高于对照组;并且PI组的阳性T淋巴细胞高于或显著高于HI组,阳性B淋巴细胞在第15天显著高于HI组。由此可见,CVI988疫苗接种第3天产生体液免疫效应,10d后细胞免疫效应高于对照组,即早期免疫效果主要靠体液免疫,腹部免疫接种效果优于颈部免疫,为马立克病更有效的免疫接种提供了理论依据。

Immune Effects of CVI988 Vaccine Innoculation Against MD Through Different Pathways

In order to study the immune effects of CVI988 vaccine inoculation by different routes,96 one day old Hy-line varietybrown male chickens were randomly divided into three groups: control(C),peritoneal injection group(PI) and hypodermic inoculation group(HI).Chicken in group C were treated with 0.2 mL vaccine diluent,whereas in group PI and HI were inoculated with CVI988,respectively.The percentage of positive B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood was measured at 3,6,10,15,20,26,35,45 days old by making smear and the ANAE,methyl green pyronine dyeing,respectiely.The results showed that: in the early days(3-6 d),the positive T lymphocytes of immune group were reduced significantly compared with that of control group,whereas the positive B lymphocytes of immune group were higher significantly than that of control group only after the 3rd day;In the middle,the positive T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes of immune group were all significantly higher than that of control group,and the positive T lymphocytes in PI group were significantly higher than that of HI group;And positive B lymphocytes in PI group were significantly higher than that of HI group at the 15th day.The results suggested that humoral immune was produced from 3 days old,and the cellular immune effect was higher in experimental groups than that in C group at 10 days old,the humoral immune was the main factor in the early stage.In addition,the immune effect of PI group was better than that of the HI,which provided the theoretical basis for more effective immunization against Marek’s disease.