木薯渣堆肥过程中氮素转化及堆肥周期研究

以木薯渣为原料进行高温堆肥发酵，研究了堆肥化过程中氮素转化及腐熟程度，以期为木薯渣的资源化利用提供科学依据和技术指导。结果表明：在30天的堆肥过程中堆体温度在第4天达到50℃，50℃以上维持了20天；补充氮素处理的温度要高于未加氮处理。补充化学氮肥处理的NH₄⁺-N含量呈先升后降的趋势；补充鸡粪处理的NH₄⁺-N含量在堆肥后期维持在600~1130 mg/kg。堆肥结束时，补充氮素处理的NO₃^--N增加1005~1740 mg/kg。总氮含量呈先升后降的趋势；碱解氮含量呈缓慢增加趋势，后期趋于稳定。碳铵不宜作为堆肥的氮源补充剂。可以确定在开放式自然通风、每5~7天翻一次堆的条件下，堆体经过30天已经基本腐熟。

Study on Nitrogen Transformation and Composting Period in the Process of Cassava Residue Compost

A composting system using cassava residue was conducted to study the nitrogen transformation and rotten degree during composting process, in order to provide scientific basis and technical guidance for cassava residue resource utilization. The results showed that during 30 days composting, the temperature reached 50℃ at the fourth day, and the temperature maintained above 50℃ for 20 days; temperature of nitrogen supplement treatment was higher than that without nitrogen treatment. The content of NH₄ -N of chemical nitrogen supplement treatment increased firstly and then decreased; the content of NH₄ -N of chicken manure supplement treatment maintained at 600-1130 mg/kg in the later composting period. At the end of composting, the content of NO₃^--N of nitrogen supplement treatment increased 1005~1740 mg/kg. The TN content increased first and then decreased; the available nitrogen content increased slowly, and tended to be stable in the later composting period. Ammonium carbonate was not suitable as nitrogen supplement. It could be concluded that the compost was mature after 30 days under the condition of natural ventilation and turning every 5-7 days.