贵州芝麻种质资源主要表型性状的遗传多样性

为贵州芝麻种质资源保护、形态分类、品种遗传改良及开发利用提供参考,利用聚类分析和遗传相关分析方法对贵州37份芝麻种质资源的25个表型性状进行田间鉴定考察和综合评价。结果表明:14个形态性状的遗传多样性指数在0.287 8~1.595 3,形态类型丰富;11个数量性状的遗传变异系数为7.14%~52.80%,以分枝高度的变异系数最大(52.80%),花冠长度的变异系数最小(7.14%),遗传变异丰富;不同性状间表现出正相关或负相关关系。37份贵州芝麻种质资源聚为4个类群,第I类群有7份资源,第Ⅱ类群共有22份,第Ⅲ类群有5份,第Ⅳ类群有3份,各类群间性状差异明显,其中第Ⅱ类群占供试材料的59.46%,种质资源数量多,变异范围大,遗传类型丰富。聚类结果与资源材料地域来源和分布无直接关系,主要与材料的性状表现类型相关。

Genetic Diversity of Main Phenotypic Characters of Sesamum indicum Germplasm Resources in Guizhou

25 phenotypic characters of 37 S.indicum germplasm resources from Guizhou are investigated and evaluated by field identification, clustering analysis and genetic correlation analysis to provide a reference for conservation, morphological classification, variety genetic improvement and development of S.indicum germplasm resources.Results: The genetic diversity indexes of 14 morphological characters range from 0.287 8 to 1.595 3.The genetic variable coefficients of 11 quantitative characters range from 7.14% to 52.80%.The variable coefficient of branch height is the maximum (52.80%) and the variable coefficient of corolla length is minimum (7.14%).There are positive or negative correlations between different characters.37 S.indicum germplasm resources can be divided into four groups.Group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ, group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ has 7, 22, 5 and 3 germplasm resources respectively.There are significant differences in characters among four groups and group Ⅱhas the advantages of more germplasm resources, wide variable range and abundant genetic type.The clustering results are not directly related to region source and distribution of germplasm resources but are mainly related to character performance type of germplasm resources.