饲料脂肪水平对黄姑鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉组成和血浆生化指标的影响

本研究以鱼油为主要脂肪源,配制脂肪水平分别为4.07%(L4组)、7.04%(L7组)、10.05%(L10组)和12.97%(L13组)的4种等氮配合饲料,并将1 200尾初始平均体重为(41.7±3.1)g的黄姑鱼幼鱼分成4组,进行为期8周的饲养试验,探讨饲料脂肪水平对黄姑鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉组成和血浆生化指标的影响。每组设3个重复,每个重复放养100尾鱼。结果表明:L4和L7组黄姑鱼幼鱼的终末均重、终末均体长、增重率、成活率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率、肥满度和脏体比均显著高于L10和L13组(P0.05);L7组黄姑鱼幼鱼的特定生长率和肝体比显著高于L10和L13组(P0.05),但L7和L4组之间差异不显著(P0.05);L4、L7和L10组黄姑鱼幼鱼的肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著高于L13组(P0.05),L4、L7和L10组之间差异不显著(P0.05);L4组黄姑鱼幼鱼的肌肉粗脂肪含量显著低于L7、L10和L13组(P0.05),L7、L10和L13组之间差异不显著(P0.05);L7组黄姑鱼幼鱼的肌肉粗灰分含量显著低于L4、L10和L13组(P0.05),L4、L10和L13组之间差异不显著(P0.05);L4和L7组黄姑鱼幼鱼的血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于L10和L13组(P0.05),而葡萄糖和胆固醇含量以及乳酸脱氢酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶活性则显著低于L10和L13组(P0.05)。综合以上试验结果,在本试验条件下,黄姑鱼幼鱼饲料中适宜的脂肪水平为7.04%。

Effects of Dietary Lipid Level on Growth Performance,Muscle Composition and Plasma Biochemical Indices of Juvenile Nibea albiflora

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lipid level on growth performance, mus-cle composition and plasma biochemical indices of juvenile Nibea albiflora. A total of 1200 juvenile Nibea alb-iflora with the average initial body weight of (41.7±3.1) g were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed iso-nitrogenous formulate diets containing different lipid levels 4. 07% ( L4 group ) , 7. 04% ( L7 group ) , 10.05% ( L10 group) and 12.97% ( L13 group) , respectively] using fish oil as the lipid source for 8 weeks. Each group had 3 replicates and each replicate fed with 100 fish. The results showed that the final average weight (FW), final average length (FL), weight gain rate (WGR), survival rate (SR), feed efficiency ( FCR) , protein efficiency ratio ( PER) , condition factor ( CF) and viserosomatic index ( VSI) of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L4 and L7 groups were significantly higher than those in L10 and L13 groups (P<0.05). The specific growth rate ( SGR) and hepatosomatic index ( HSI) of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L7 group were significantly higher than those in L10 and L13 groups (P<0.05), while no significant difference was found between L4 and L7 groups ( P>0.05) . The muscle crude protein content of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L4, L7 and L10 groups was significantly higher than that in L13 group ( P<0.05) , which showed no significant differ-ence among L4, L7 and L10 groups ( P>0.05) . The muscle crude lipid content of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L4 group was significantly lower than that in L7, L10 and L13 groups ( P<0.05) , while no significant differ-ences were found among L7, L10 and L13 groups ( P>0.05) . The muscle ash content of juvenile Nibea albi-flora in L7 group was significantly lower than that in L4, L10 and L13 groups ( P<0.05) , while no significant differences were found among L4, L10 and L13 groups ( P>0. 05 ) . The total protein ( TP ) , albumin ( ALB) , globulin ( GLB) , triacylglycerol ( TG) , high density lipoprotein ( HDL) and low density lipoprotein ( LDL) contents in plasma of juvenile Nibea albiflora in L4 and L7 groups were significantly higher than those in L10 and L13 groups ( P<0.05) , while the contents of glucose ( GLU) and cholesterol ( CHOL) and the ac-tivities of lactic dehydrogenase ( LDH) , alanine transaminase ( ALT) , aspartate transaminase ( AST) and al-kaline phosphatase ( ALP) were significantly lower than those in L10 and L13 groups ( P<0.05) . The results indicate that the optimal dietary lipid level of juvenile Nibea albiflora is 7.04% under the present experimental conditions.