金沙江干热河谷生态恢复的典型模式

金沙江河谷生态系统的特点为干旱严重,土壤凋萎温度(PWP)长达7￣8个月,使许多植物无法生长;水热矛盾突出;水土流失严重;人为破坏频繁;植物群落破坏容易,恢复难;土壤胀缩性高而不利于作物生长。但不同程度的退化系统具有典型的特点,因此,该区域的生态恢复与治理应针对不同系统的特点进行科学规划及实施,从整体性、紧迫性、持久性、创新性、多样性、高效性、层次性角度提出金沙江干热河谷不同退化系统的生态恢复及治理模式,即重度退化生态系统—冲沟的生态恢复模式、中度退化生态系统—退化坡地生态恢复模式、轻度退化生态系统—立体种养综合治理模式

Model Construction of Ecological Restoration in Arid Hot Valley of Jinsha River

There are six important characteristics in the ecosystem of arid hot valley of Jinsha River:(1)The climate has become much drier and PWP of soil is 7~8 months long,so that many plants can not be alive.(2) The contradictory of water and heat is very large.(3) Soil erosion by water is serious.(4) The environment is destroyed frequently by human activity.(5) The vegetation communities are easily ruined and difficult to be resumed.(6) Encumbrance of vegetation due to he expansion and contraction of the soils at the location.However,there are typical characteristics with different degrees of degeneration systems,therefore,the ecological restoration and controlling should conduct based on scientific program and implement according to ecosystem characteristics in the region.And put forward the model from the points of view of entireness,necessity,endurance,creativeness,diversity,efficient character,hiberarchy characters.The models may show the following: The first model of ecological restoration is set up on gully with heavily degradation ecosystem.The second model of ecological restoration is built on the deterioration slope about ecosystem with medium degree degradation.The third model is the comprehensive controlling models of biological space symbiosis with light degree degradation ecosystem.