甜(辣)椒花药培养胚状体诱导与植株再生

以10份不同基因型甜(辣)椒为试材进行花药培养,通过对基因型、取蕾时期、低温预处理、热激处理、碳源及外源激素浓度配比等因素的研究,建立有效的甜(辣)椒花药培养胚状体发生体系.结果表明:基因型是限制甜(辣)椒花药培养胚状体诱导的关键因素,不同品种间出胚率差异显著,其中品种003出胚率最高,为10.8%;处于盛花期的花蕾最适于甜(辣)椒花药培养;4℃低温预处理1-3 d有利于胚状体的诱导,以处理2 d的胚状体产率最高;以2%的麦芽糖代替3%的蔗糖能显著提高出胚率和子叶形胚的比率,筛选出适于甜(辣)椒花药培养胚状体诱导的最佳培养基为Ms+0.5 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L KT+2%麦芽糖,能有效地提高出胚率并促进植株冉牛;获得了6个基因型的子叶形胚和再生植株.

Embryoid Induction and Plant Regeneration of Capsicum annuum L. through Anther Culture

Ten varieties of pepper were used to study the effects of genotype,flower buds harvest time,cold-pretreat-ment,hot-shock treatment,carbon source and combination of hormones on the anther culture in Capsicum annuum L.Through these tests,an effective system of embryoid production was established.Cotyledonary embryoids and plantlets were obtained from six genotypes.The results showed that genotype was the key factor in embryoid induction.The embryoid for-mation frequency Was different significantly among different genotypes.The variety 003 had the highest embryoid formation frequency which was 10.8%.The flower buds at full-bloom stage were found to optimum for anther culture in pepper.Cold-pretreatment (4℃)for 1-3 d also promoted embryoid induction,while the highest embryoid formation frequency was ob-mined from anther pretreated at 4℃ for 2 d.Embryoid and cotyledonary embryoid formation frequency could be more re-markably improved by 2% maltose than 3% sucrose.The optimal culture medium which could effectively improve embryoid and regenerated plantlets formation Was MS+0.5 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L KT+2% maltose.