四季蜜龙眼夏季开花坐果特性及传粉昆虫种类调查

为了解四季蜜龙眼夏季开花坐果特性和传粉昆虫种类,于夏季开花期间选定花穗记录雌雄花和果实数量,并以随机网捕方式采集传粉昆虫进行鉴定。结果表明:四季蜜龙眼夏季花期平均每穗开花天数为12.9天,雌雄花比例为1:6.57,授粉受精期的温度处于25～36℃之间,在较高的温度条件下雌花坐果率达到27.6%;雌花脱落占雌花数的11.1%,小果脱落占雌花数的61.3%。传粉昆虫有5目13科21种,以花金龟科的种类最多,占总数的33.3%;其次为蜂类和蝇类昆虫,分别占总数的30.1%和24.1%。

Study on the blossom and fruit set of ‘Si-Jimi’ longan in summer and the kinds of pollinating insects

The panicles of ＇ Si-Jimi＇ longan were chosed to record the number of male and female flowers and fruits in summer and identifying the pollinating insects which were collected by random to study the relationship of the characters of blossom and fruit set of ＇ Si-Jimi＇ longan and the kinds of pollinating insects. The results show that the average blooming days of each panicle is 12.9 d; The proportion of female and male flowers is 1 ： 6.57; The temperature during the pollination and fertilization period is between 25-36℃, under the higher temperature conditions the fruit set rate is 27.6%, the female flowers drop and the young fruits drop accounted for 11.1% and 61.3% of the number of female flowers respectively. The pollinating insects consist of 21 kinds from 5 orders and 13 families, among them Cetoniidae is the most types one and occupying 33.3%, which was followed by bees and flies, accounting for 30.1% and 24.1% respectively.